Once the Nazi party came to power in Germany in 1933, leaders immediately set about making good on their pledges to “Aryanize” the country, segregating and marginalizing the Jewish population. The Nazi government encouraged the boycott of Jewish businesses, which were were daubed with the Star of David or the word “Jude” — Jew. Propaganda posters and films suggested Jews were “vermin,” comparing them to rats and insects, while new laws were passed to restrict all aspects of Jews' lives. Charlotte Knobloch, who was born in Munich in 1932, recalls in her video message her neighbors suddenly forbidding their children from playing with her or other Jews.