>> we set up a network of genomics surveillance in south africa, and this came off the knowledge and expertise from hiv and tb. and this surveillance network is throughout the country and this surveillance network does routine genome analysis. and in johannesburg started no notice what we called knockouts and alerted this network to it. and they saw this sg and target failure, which is a sign that something was different, and so the virologists were able to sequence these opposite gene targets, target failure. and find a variant. this new variant was consequenced, was found to have many immunoacid changes, multiple immunoacid changes and with some deletions, showing that there was a new variant that was emerging in south africa. and very rapidly became the