Populism. Power to the people. The concept swept britain and then the United States. Is mainland europe next . Italy and austria go to the polls this week. France and germany will elect leaders next year. Will the populist wave continue to sweep the west . I have tawrific Panel Including the New York Times tom friedman. Then privacy in the age of terror. Should the government see everything you do on the internet . That is the direction were moving in. Also, the legacy of barack obama. That is the title of my next primetime cnn special. We will look at everything from race to guns from obama care to the iran deal. He had extraordinary access to the president and his team. I will give you a sneak preview, actually, two, this hour. You never know when history is calling. But, first, heres my take. As democrats contemplate their losses in november election, most have settled on a solution. They believe that the party needs more economically populist policies. This isnt an essential reality. Most people dont vote on the basis of policies. There is no mountains of Excellent Research by political scientists and psychologists on why people vote. The conclusion is clear. As gabriel lens writes in his landmark 2012 book, follow the leader voters dont choose between politicians based on policy stances, but rather voters appear to adopt the policies that their favorite politicians prefer. And how do voters pick their favorite politicians . It turns out its a gut decision that is more emotional than rational. Mostly it hinges on whether they identify with the politician in a social and psychological sense. The problem for the Democratic Party is not that its policies arant progressive they are progressive enough and more populist and yet over the last decade republicans have swept through state houses, governors mansions and the u. S. Congress and now the white house. The Republican Party has been able to profit electerally at so many levels because it found a way to emotion alidentify with working class whites as they watched the country get transformed. Globalization. Automation, immigration. All generate enormous social change. Republicans signal that at a gut level they are uncomfortable with this change. They like america the way it was. Partly this is a matter of policy on gun safety. But mostly its about identity and attachment conveyed through symbols and signals. In a perceptive essay in Harvard Business review, clerking class people distrust and disdain professionals and they view the Democratic Party as a party of professionals. Professionals in this view are overeducated urbanites with lifestyles with organic food and vegan diets and yoga who have jobs that are about manipulating words and numbers. On the other hand william notes, working class people love the rich. For example, a Real Estate Developer from queens who actually builds stuff and maintains all his basic appetites in food decor and such. When donald trump posts a photograph of himself in his plane eating Kentucky Fried Chicken he is saying to his base, im just like you, only with lots of money. If this emotional attachment is the key to getting people to vote for you, what does it mean for the democrats . Well, the democrats have advantages. They begin with a strong base of people who do identify with them. Professional, working women, minority, millennials. But democrats need to reclaim a larger share of working class whites. To do this, they need to understand the politics of symb symbolism, not substance. Hillary clintons campaign, for instance, should have been centered one simple theme that she grew up in a middle class in a town outside of chicago and lived in arkansas for two decades. The subliminal message to working class whites would have been simply, i know you. I am you. Let the word trust reporter bill clintons success has a lot to do with the fact, brilliant as he is, he can always remind those voters he knows them. Once reassured, theyre open to his policy ideas. Barack obama is a cingulary charismatic politician, but he may have made democrats forget that the three democrats elected to the white house prior to his election all came from the rural south. So with these insights on mind on the campaign trail, perhaps clinton and the democrats should have rallied less with beyonce and jayz and more with george strait. If you dont know who that is, thats part of the problem. For more go to cnn. Com fareed and read my column this week. Lets get started. First came the brexit vote which surprised much of the world and then Donald Trumps astonishing electoral victory in the United States. Upcoming elections in europe be the third shock to the system. Let me bring in a great panel to discuss the rise of populism. Thank you for being late, an t optimiop optimist guide. Also in the times a great piece by my next guest ian. I hes a professor at bard college. Before that she was the International Affairs editor at france 24 and narx naia teaches politics. Welcome to you all. We arrived to this consensus that francis called the end of history and, you know, the big political debates were settled and now we see this wave of change. So, what happened . Well, the end of the cold war happened in the first place and it was when americas prestige was probably at its height and everybody thought, as you say, the end of history was there. I think one reason for this wave of rightwing populism all over the world is not just the rise of the right, its also the demise of the left. That the social Democratic Left has lost its voice everywhere all the way from japan to netherlands. That had something to do with the end of the cold war because the fall of the soviet empire which we all applauded in many ways also tainted everything to do with the left. And undercut the kind of opposition that we now need against this rightwing populist. Everywhere you see it, you see immigration. And that was, of course, trumps first issue. I think that were in the middle of three accelerations. One in technology, one in globalization and one in environment. What its doing is its all feeding together. More Climate Change drives more immigration. I was just in africa a couple months ago and you can trace whats going on in senegal. Small farm is collapsing and Technology Gives people cell phones where they can hit the road. Which app allows them to create huge smuggler networks. They dont want a live aid concert from europe, they want to come to europe. This is creating a giant stream of people. We think this about the middle east, syria and afghanistan. This is an african phenomenon. Threequarters of immigration is from africa. Its not going to stop. I think were just at the beginning of it. What its doing is really together and surge and acceleration technology, Climate Change and globalization. Think about it. I go to the Grocery Store now in my hometown whether its in italy, france, america. There is someone there speaking a different language and wearing their head covering that is not a baseball cap. Then i go into the mens room and someone that looks like a different gender there. I happen to embrace all that. I am so glad we have all those rights. But that came really fast for a lot of people. Next to me is a robot and he seems to be studying my job. If you think of the things that anchor us in the world our community and our work whether its in italy, france or america. Theyre both being disrupted and a lot of people feeling. If tom is right and this isnt going to stop and particularly the flow of people isnt going to stop, melissa, what seems to me is the backlash isnt going to stop. And you see it in france where conservative politician seems to have essentially won their primary and it was basically by outflanking everybody on immigration. Immigration was absolutely heart of what he was saying, but fundamentally he is a sign of rupture. Hes not a populist. It was not accepted until two weeks s weeks. In fact, by this very clever message he sent not as a populi populist, but he wants rupture but enough rupture and there are sort of dog whistle messages that he also send out on things like immigration. He is a catholic and social conservative and represents a real backlash, a return to those values that many people still hold dear, even if the sort of elites in paris had long imagined that they had been forgotten. There is that sense that wed stopped paying attention, i think, to the kind of things you were just talking about. The fears you were just talking about. Make america great, again. The british reclaiming their sovereignty. Somehow its all about going back to the way things were in some idealized way. The people that have that nostalgia, a lot of the voters behindbox brexit they live in residential areas. Its an idea of a world that is reducing its status. Whether its racial. After all, london voted largely to remain in the eu and london is the city, completely cosmopolitan city. Final thought . I think this is a very good interpretation. Also immigration movements like recently in small towns. Theyve never seen and very short and more number. So, it is a imaginary because of the media perhaps and without professional media producers and we become the media producer. And this is disconnections between ours and reality through the means of mediation communication makes us. So, its a situation in which we created the truth in which we believe were scared of. We searched through the new media forms for the news that we want to hear. That scares us about these immigran immigrants. Thats what breitbart does so much of the time. When we come back well talk about the winner around many of othese elections around the world. That is the undemocratic leader of russia. Why is Vladimir Putin doing so well out of all this . Well try to answer that when we come back. And here. The answer is 8. Bottom line, life is hard. Thats why godaddy created Website Builder. It makes creating a website. Easy. Build an awesome mobilefriendly, website. And its free to get started. Plus with the money you save, you can hire a math tutor. Get your free trial of godaddy Website Builder now at godaddy. Com even if youre trying your best. Along with diet and exercise, oncedaily toujeo® may help you control your blood sugar. Get into a daily groove. Lets groove tonight. 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And we are back with tom friedman, melissa bell, ian baruma. One of the things that has not been remarked upon enough despite the fact that we talked about this election so much is the extraordinary victory in a sense for a russian cyberwar in the United States but, of course, its happened in other places. Yeah. Its actually terrifying. Putin voted in our election. He voted through wikileaks and that damaged Hillary Clinton. But you know, fareed, putin is always a guy looking for dignity in all the wrong places. By taking a bite out of this neighbor or that neighbor. At the end of the day to thrive in the 21st century how well you nurture your own demon capital. So, obviously, he influenced our election. I feel, im deeply upset and worried about it because he did it for a reason. Because he thought trump was incapable of leading the western alliance and this would lead to the breakup of the western alliance. If youre a russian living in st. Petersburg that and ten cents will buy you a coffee. I think, though, to go back just for a second to our previous conversation what is also upsetting people is not just the cultural thing. Its something broader. In my book i quote a minnesota congressman. Being an average worker in minnesota in the 60s and 70s. White, Blue Collar Worker. You needed a plan to fail. There was so much updraft of Blue Collar Work and even white collar work for college educated. You actually needed a plan to fail. Today you need a plan to succeed and you have to update it every six months and thats too fast and too demanding for a lot of people and thats also, again, what that is about. So, when you see somebody like fillon win in france, again, im struck by the fact that he has the strange collection of views but one of them is he is very prorussian. Why does the European Union have to have sanctions against russia and why cant we get along and unite with russia and fight terrorists, just what trump said. He has this old friendship with Vladimir Putin that goes back to the time when they were both Prime Ministers. And more profoundly, idyelogically he believes it is time to look back and build bridges and help it in syria with all kind of extraordinary ideas like helping hezbollah on the ground. He goes that far. You see this extraordinary thing where, in fact, the power to which the left turns throughout the 20th century despite human rights is now the power to which the right turns despite human rights abuses. Its an extraordinary shift and one we havent quite seen coming. And suddenly youre going to have a Security Council that is decidedly pro russian. And, you know, this is happening in the context of a new ideology almost. Leaders poland all talking about illiberal democracy. When we talked about the end of history, who would have thought that the new challenge to rule democracy would be a kind of populist, quasi the winner in all this is not putin. British is a, its china. The great thing about china that made china so different about the soviet union is that its alter tearyism that works. P provenshal airports in china make jtk. Who are very distrustful of liberal institutions and think its messy and decisions dont get made and so on. So, the chinese model of strong man who can make things happen is dangerously attractive and putin is sort of part of that, too, but much less successful. And, therefore, in the end, much less of a challenge. This researcher at harvard has this data which shows he asks in western countries and people have been asking. Do you think its vital important that you live in a democracy . Its gone from Something Like 65 in the United States to 25. This is also the condition of europe in my view because it is not simply, it is not simply the issues. It is a conception and the better political way of leading together. They dont pause we dont even have the courage to say openly that democracy is dysfunctional and we need Something Better or a better way of being democratic. More selective, more based on competition and define separated from the people. So the interpretation of democracy more and more. Is is this the end of the west as a political civilizational you know, i wouldnt dare hazard or guess that, fareed. But what i do believe it is the end of all the Political Parties that we know as western politics. I think theyre all going to blow up because they were basically designed to respond to the industrial revolution, the new deal and civil rights. I believe what the parties to respond to today are the acceleration and technology and the acceleration of globalization and the acceleration of climate. How we get the best out of them and cushion the worst. The right answer that melissa described for a liberal and im here selling my own politics is to be to the left of Bernie Sanders on some issues. I think were going to need to strengthen the safety net but the right of the wall street journal editorial page. To be radcally entrepreneurial. Bernie sanders was selling a safety net that we couldnt possibly afford and they dont understand and more of a safety net. I think the candidate who sympathizes, fareed, is going to be the Successful Party in the future. And going to be tom friedman. I get my aggravation playing golf. Thank you, all, very much. Next on gps did Edward Snowden revelations think that the u. S. Had turned into a surveillance state . You want to take a look at the new sweeping, snooping powers that just became law of the land in great britain. Its remarkable what the