Taken away because of greed. Agreed is from builders from newhome construction to commercial. Now you are sending illegals to our homes. Greta i have to interrupt you because we are going to bring you over to an event with the atomic scientists. They are holding a News Conference today in washington on the iconic Doomsday Clock, a story from the l. A. Times. A change of policy and posture. How close the world is to midnight. The lets listen in here live erage on cspan pair cspan. In making the decision, a group that includes 15 nobel laureates. Event, we are delighted to have with us a member of the board of sponsors who holds the rank of career and has served the u. S. As ambassador to the united nations, the russian federation, india, el salvador, nigeria, and jordan. David is a member of the science and security board, expert on Climate Change, and retired professor of meteorology and International Affairs at penn state university. He is the founding director of penn state solutions, weather and climate risk. Lawrence krauss is the chairman of the Bulletin Board of sponsors. He is the director of the origins project at Arizona State professor ofd earth and Space Exploration and the physics department. He is an internationally renowned theoretical physicists and is the author of the forthcoming book, the greatest why areer told so far we here . He is the one who pulls together and Health Development statement of this important announcement found at the boltons website at the bolton. Org. Davided by lawrence and that highlights the points we are going to make today can be found on the New York Times website. I am the executive director and publisher of the bolton of atomic scientists and am delighted to be with you here today. Make no mistake, this has been a year. On our website, the statement makes clear that over the course of 2016, the Global Security landscape dark and the International Community failed to come to grips with humanity passes most pressing eggs existential threats, Nuclear Weapons and Climate Change. Today, greater depth on the key issues we are focusing on. Has beenost troubling two concerns adding to a challenging global landscape. The first has been the cavalier and reckless language used across the globe especially in the United States during and after the president ial campaign with nuclear for nuclear threats. The second is a growing with scientific expertise. Pressing challenges including Climate Change. There is a troubling propensity to discount or outright reject expert advice related to International Security including the conclusions of intelligence experts. The board concludes in no Uncertain Terms that words matter in ensuring the safety and security as our planet of our planet. Miscalculation is so high. They have the ability to the walked back, but so as we have seen, influential actors offer their behavior in ways that do not promote confidence and steady or smart decisionmaking. In 2016, the board warned that three minutes to midnight is far too close. Action and brinksmanship have continued. The rhetoric have become almost commonplace. To convey a concern about the unique moment and issue a call to see it to leaders and citizens across the globe, to put the world on a safer footing, the board takes the unprecedented step first time it is three moving the rock and 30 seconds closer to midnight. We move the clock a half minute closer to midnight. It is now 2. 5 minutes to midnight. If i can ask my colleagues to return to the podium, we can continue. Nuclear weapons have been at the center of our concern for many years. Pretty stability and continuity are prized when it comes to Nuclear Weapons policy. The results of miscommunication or miscalculation could be so catastrophic. Unfortunately, nuclear volatility has been and order of thebe the day. North koreas continued Nuclear Weapons development, the steady march of the arsenal Modification Program in the Nuclear Weapons states, simmering tensions between Nuclear Armed india and pakistan, and stagnation in arms control, are all considerable concerned. Twoh korea conducted weapons tests, the second in september yielding this white twice the explosive power of the first. In january, the test took place. 2017 new years statement, kim jong un own said he would have tests with range. Stockpiles is underway in all Nuclear States. Russia is building new silobased missiles. Nucleark last of missile submarines and new rail mobile missiles as it revamps other intercontinental ballistic missiles. The United States forges ahead with plans to modernize part of its triad. Bombers, landbased missiles, and Nuclear Missile carrying submarines, adding new capabilities such as cruise missiles with increased ranges. As it improves the survivability of its own nuclear versus, china is helping pakistan build separate platforms. Pakistan and india continue to andnd the number of weapons the sophistication of their Nuclear Arsenals. Perhaps in the view of many, posing the greatest danger for nuclear use. Nuclear rhetoric is now loose and destabilizing. Andng the Election Campaign as President Trump engaged in casual talk about Nuclear Weapons, suggesting south korea and japan might acquire their own Nuclear Weapons to compete with north korea, we are more as rachelimpressed, just told you, that words matter, words count. Successful in accomplishing the goals during its first year. Its future is in doubt under the new administration. Observers and analysts out there. Who have proposed that whether rather than tearing up the deal, principles specifically related to enrichment should be made part of a new International Goals standard gold standard. Prospect of negotiations resuming. It is hoped the new president and president couldnt can take their relationship to something further and more meaningful in the area of nook were arms reduction. Thank you very much. Climate change should not be a partisan issue. The wellestablished physics are not liberal or conservative in character. So long as Carbon Dioxide continues to be pumped into the atmosphere, irrespective of political leadership. Administration needs to say clearly and unequivocally that it accepts Climate Change caused by human activity as reality. Unlesslem can be solved its existence can be recognized. There are no alternative facts here. Fewme go through a specifics that caused the board to remain concerned and continue to be concerned about Climate Change. From global efforts to limit Climate Change have ultimately produced mixed results over the past year, Paris Agreement went into effect in 2016 and countries are taking some actions to bring down emissions of greenhouse gases. There are encouraging signs that Global Annual emissions were flat this past year in 2016, there is no assurance this heralds a breaking point. Continued warming of the world, as measured in 2016, underscores a clear fact. Nothing is fundamentally amiss with the Scientific Understanding of climate physics. Primarytivity is the cause of Climate Change. Unless Carbon Dioxide emissions are dramatically reduced, Global Warming will continue to threaten the future of humanity. Warmest year on record and it broke the record of 2000 15, which broke the record of 2014. Eckstein of the 17 warmest years on record have been recorded since 2001. This is much longer than anyone any one period. From local effects in the United States, we have seen catastrophic floods in houston, baton rouge, north carolina, they continue. In the north full, we have experience multiple occasions in which the temperature is being near freezing. This is 30 to 40 degrees warmer than average case. More and more of the research in greenland and and antarctica plunged to greater and faster sea level rise. Six impasse of the threat of Climate Change were highlighted. Stability of countries, tensions, adverse effects on food prices and availability, increased risk to human health, the negative impact on investments and competitiveness, and potential climate discontinuities in secondary prizes here. Unfortunately, the International Unity did not take the steps to begin the path toward a net zero Carbon Emissions world. The Climate Change conference produced little progress the odd emissions goals pledged. The political situation in the United States is of particular concern. Hastrump administration four candidates at cabinet level positions that foreshadowed the possibility of administration will be openly hostile toward progress of even the most modest Climate Change. Climate change should not be a partisan political issue. Wellestablished physics of the art are not liberal nor conservative in character. Toernational leaders need refocus attention on achieving the additional Carbon Emissions and Carbon Emission Reductions needed to capitalize on the promise of the paris accord here. The United States needs to make statementmake a clear is that it accepts reality. Alternative facts will not make this go away magically. Thank you very much. To thank youant all for coming to what i believe is a historic day. In addition to the factors that have long given at least a chair of Nuclear Weapons, it continues to monitor the threats arising from new emerging technologies. Over the past year, two in particular stood out. To in december, u. S. Intelligence agencies concluded russia intervened to help donald trump in ways that highlight the vulnerability of critical Information Systems in cyberspace. News in the hacking of politically sensitive emails, may have an impact on the perceived legitimacy of the electoral process in the United States. The question of whether the fabric of democracy may be imperiled by reducing the faith in the integrity of elections and the very information on which to an informed public can vote remains suspect. It is at this level Cyber Technology begins to represent a deeper global threat. Represent a near term threat associated with the modern worlds increased andance on the internet information technology. There are also causes for concern. Hacking may have the potential to create grave and broad impacts. Threaten national or international activities, natural electronic power grids, and Nuclear Power is, and the based on thedoms privacy of individuals in a court democracy. Autonomous systems are evolving at a rapid place as self driving vehicles demonstrate. These offer great opportunities but also present possible threat. From economic threats, as a great fraction of the workforce, may be replaced from Machine Learning systems, to the more immediate dangers that no systems may come to rely more heavily on such systems and result in these actions. There is an intimate relationship between reliance on Nuclear Arsenal and the need to control in the systems. Front, newechnology technology that allows precise dna manipulation also holds out great hope force disease, but makes the ability to engage in melissas malicious activities potentially much more accessible to groups and governments that do not have a sophisticated infrastructure. Ecological en route occurring at a speed that challenges societys ability to keep faith. In the lose faith institutions upon which they must rely, rather than against them. Return to the themes that led us to this moment, i want to emphasize the historical significance of today. The Doomsday Clock is closer to midnight than it has ever been in a lifetime and all of almost anyone in this room. The last time it was closer with theears ago, 1953 after then soviet union exploded as First Hydrogen bomb, creating the modern arms race. The first time the words or stated policies of one two people placed in high positions have so impacted our perception of the accident existential threats we believe the world faces. This is a great time of great opportunity and potential challenge. Expert advice is crucial if governments are to effectively deal with global threats. We are extremely concerned about the willingness of governments, including the current administration, to ignore or discount science, empirical evidence, and consider expertise during the decisionmaking process. Facts are stubborn things. Account. Be taken into World Leaders not to my failed aptly to do with these threats, but increased the threat of nuclear war through a variety of statements and actions, including careless rhetoric. Threaten perhaps treaties like the nonproliferation treaty by considering modernization of Nuclear Weapons, which may require nuclear testing. We call on these leaders, particularly russia and the United States, to refocus on reducing existential risk. In no small part consulting with takingel experts and Scientific Research into account. U. S. And russian leaders need to come together to negotiate nuclear arms. They need to consider reducing the alert level of nuclear riskss, which catastrophic accidents. They need to not embark on modernization programs, which are expensive and destabilizing. They need to engage countries like north korea and discouraged proliferation in countries like pakistan and india. To step back further from the brink will require leaders who have vision and restraint. President trump and president putin, who claim Great Respect for each other, can choose to act together as statements, or act as petulant children, risking our future. Regardless, these issues are two important to be left in the hands of a few men. We call upon all people to speak and send a loud message to your leaders that you will not allow them to needlessly threaten your future and the future of your children. Has set the 2017 clock at 2. 5 minutes to midnight. We chose the Doomsday Clock seven years ago because it allows us a rare opportunity to reach the Global Public directly with an enduring icon, and raise the profile of urgent global existential threats the public needs to be aware of to act responsibly. The future of the clock and our future is in your hands. Thank you. Rachel with that, we have concluded our statements. Any questions . Thank you. From the los angeles times, just to clarify, mr. Krause, you said this should not be left in the hands of one leader making crazy statements. I know you meant trump, but was the second person put in . Ok. I just wanted to clarify. Good guess. Thatu looked at a category profit you to move the hands slowly forward. Out of everything you spoke about, from nuclear proliferation, Climate Change, ther threats, what was single biggest factor that wanted you to move the hands forward . We have an obligation to you to tell you there is no single and the three or four we focused on, the old traditional one of nuclear concerns is now joined clearly by Climate Change but also cyber and new scientific developments, so beautifully elaborated here today by lawrence. I think rather than picking favorites, we hope you will pick the lot and tell people it is the conjugation, if i can put it this way, the congregation of the set of activities that put us on the trail of further moving hands forward. Lawrence let me add one thing to toms cogent summary which is exactly right. The Current Situation and the situation of the last few years has been dangerous and potentially unstable. What we are seeing on top of these factors is a new verbal response by World Leaders, which is a great concern. That is new. And recent. , to compoundole all of those factors causing us to move the clock forward. That is really a combination of not only very loose talk about very dangerous weapons, blatantltaneously, a disregarding of basic facts, basic scientific facts, and looking for expertise or the knowledge meant an acceptance of factual expertise. The words span multiple categories. ,hen we take all of that aboard advance the clock 30 seconds. Maybe i could add one word. To put salt in the wound i hope we have created. The not