[applause] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] Cory Doctorow that talks about the cross between copyright laws and Creative Industries around the world. This is about an hour and a half. [applause] thank you all very much. Thank you are coming tonight and thank you for hosting me. My father worked in our radical bookstore when i was a young person, sort of four, five six years old e4 he went to become a teacher. I grew up going around on the floor of stories like this it is always wonderful to come back especially two stores like red and those who are thriving so visibly. The last time i spoke their i spoke their bread and as it was much more modest digs. Its amazing to see the Community Supporting the story. Thank you for being patrons. You are blessed to have had. Not all places do. I spent a lot of time going around to bookstores and this is an extraordinary one. Thank you. So like many of you iron my living for the arts over the internet. Even if you are not earning your living on the internet today theres a reasonable chance that how you that tomorrow will take place on the internet because everything we do today about the internet and everything we do tomorrow will require it. There is a wonderful thing about earning your living in the arts which is it is very much a personalized, individual eyesight tv. When you look closely at the incomes of people who work in the arts you see that each one is doing something different. Usually profoundly different, even though at 10000 feet of might look like a painter as the painter of the novelist as a novelist. You find everyone is doing something really unique to the way they use their media. The very first things to see if theres not one easy way to kind of get into the arts. Almost everyone whos ever set up to earn a living in the arts has lost money in the business end of those who actually made some money and the art, most of them made a very small mountain of those surveyed thoughts of money, most of them didnt continue to earn money. Most of them crashed in earned and their career sunday. That is the brutal longterm reality. Its independent of your media that youre airing on the economics of the arts effectively always worked. Short of minimum guaranteed income, its hard to think as even a significant plurality of people who would like to earn a living for the arts. Earning a living in the arts is a six sigma event. Something very rare. If you imagine a firing line, maybe the 49th parallel with people lined all upon it in there about tossing coins all day long and most of those coins will come not either heads or tails. If enough people toss enough points, some of them will land on the edge. Obviously you can get better at making your coin land on the edge and you can practice and the more you flip your coin, the greater your chances, but the one thing we can tell at a distance about everyone whos coins land on the edge that the thing they have in common is more than perseverance, more than scale as luck. So we invent physics and the coinop collaborated to get the coins to land on the edge. Now with the winners of the people in this context to get your coin to land on edge if those winners were feted as great culture heroes and put on the covers of magazines and on peoples code than they done Something Wonderful come you can imagine lots of people lining up to be professional coin toss theres end not only could you imagine people would be feted for doing this are celebrated for doing this imagine tossing a coin was something intrinsically satisfying to the human condition. Which is what we talk about when we talk about art. Davies in a car. We give people who are mentally scarred we give them a art therapy as a critical means of recovery for the equal of go around. It seems to come with the human condition. This is welcome in the arts looks like. Its this incredibly lucky thing that some of us get and that many people try to participate in because not only is it intrinsically satisfying, but the people who went are thought of as having done Something Wonderful and extraordinary. Artists in particular dont like to be reminded of the luck element because artists as a class tend to suffer from impostor syndrome and so reminding people who succeeded in the arts in the rcc of their success has much to the configure perseverance and talent is something incredibly horrifying. It is like the skull on the desk of a big touring poet as a reminder that this too shall pass in any day you might end up like your colleagues are you start up with as a young writer working for any work as hard as you did but never seem to make it the way you did. Its a great way to get people angry at you is to remind them that they owe their success has much to look as they do any other intrinsic value. Bsr Foundation Laid on nonwork activity from enactment perspective, anyone who gets the arts is not doing something economically rational. The economic rational return nonartistic investment is negative. We make art anyway. So when we talk about the art and technology we bring to a something economists call survivor bias. We examine people who succeeded in the arts and we say how can we make sure those arent the people who are successful artist, the kind of artists who are succeeding and make the work that we love. I think this is an entirely backwards way of thinking about technology and its relationship to the arts. If you think that did it dawn of recorded music, before recorded music and before radio it was literally inconceivable to imagine a musician who was a great musician, whose performances with real millions, but he didnt like either in front of crowds. Like this was as weird as a swimmer who could be an olympic gold analysts, but didnt like water. The advent of radio and records made it possible to be a kind of artist that was literally inconceivable before that and although the artists who had made their career on the stage before he and were awfully anxious about this future that John Philip Sousa went to the American Congress in 1809 instead 09 instead of the inferno talking machines are about to go on, we will lose their voice boxes for sure is we lost or tails of it came down out of the trees. Many points to being an early advocate in the theory of natural selection. He sure miss the big picture they are. What we say what went on to preserve his Business Models instead of what we want to preserve his bid artist as a class, we end up on the one hand strangling attentional artists who might die in the new technical reality. More like, we go to war against whatever technological and social factors have given rise to a new art and artistic practice. The major impact of radio is not a new kind of artists. They remade the world in every single way we can think of. When you go to war against radio, you dont go to war you dont cite as a party send for Live Performance as the poster reported performance. Besides for the whole way up the bat is precluded if radio is not a part of the way we build out our world. So i am someone who is lucky enough to win the arts lottery and the last round of technology that is rapidly changing and being replaced by new kinds of technology. For me personally, what Business Model will be the best Business Model is one extremely important. Taking off my kind of partisan for me hat and putting on my partisan for artist as a class act, the thing im most interested in is not which Business Model succeeds, but how do we ensure the rules reformulate for the art errancy whenever money is generated for artistic crack this headache is preferentially to the people that make art secondarily to the people who invest in art and finally the people who present the art to the public, platforms and retailers to make the art available. So to that end, he formulated what i grandiosely characterized as three laws of the arts of the 21st century. Originally it was just one lot. I live in the United Kingdom when i come to north america to give a talk oftentimes the first day im here, whenever i talk i gave her hallucinogenic because they are influenced by amami jet lag session, which had been delivered by slavery writing the speech that i wisely ravana was well rested back in 19. I was in new york to give a talk of a publishing conference and at two in the morning i came up with this thing i call dr. Of laws and it went over well and i went out to lunch with my writer on trade agent. So i went for lunch with my agent and the agent easterbrook dissent arthur c. Clarke and now he represents the carcass day. I said i came up with a law and i presented it today at this conference and it went over really well. He said if theres one thing you learned from representing arthur c. Clarke is you cant have one law. You have to have three. I have three laws of that is how this talk is structured. Its how the new book is structured. Its around these three laws. The kind of fairytale thing. Lot number one the light came up at 2 00 in the morning and a New York Hotel room is anytime puts a lock on some didnt and wont you be the key, you can be assured it is up there for your benefit. So if youve ever made something creative and sellers on the internet using one of the platforms like amazon or hov or the apple app store, the google apps store, when you make that available, you are often given a kit rocks they said would you like to protect your work from piracy or would you like to protect your work forged derek lee . Would you like to add digital right management to your work . If youve ever done a deal where youve gone to a publisher or record label or studio to make your work available, chances are they almost always ticked off that box. They say it would like to protect my work. Protecting your work doesnt sound like a crazy idea, but here is what happens when you kick the ball. The platform that you are using to make your work available scrambles your work. It encrypts it. It makes it so you cant read it without some kind of descrambler. They descrambling program and app on the phone, the netflix in your browser and that the scrambles the work. That technology that descrambler will have a characteristic determined by the people who made it by amazon or netflix or apple and they will decide what features they can and cant have your netflix for example, the entire basis of operation is as hallucination that theres a difference between a download of the street that i can somehow give you a stream of the work that is not a downloads or you can stream the movie, but you dont get a copy of it somehow. It doesnt land on your hard drive ever. What they mean when they say ive given you have downloaded not a stream is ive given you a download but the program doesnt have a save but. The way they ensure that as they provide you with a descrambling program that doesnt have a save button. Provided no one can you direct have to descrambling into which they might insert a save button they can make a distinction between download and stream. They can make rules about how you can make it use media and then they can do this thing that has been a holy grail of technology and arts for 20 years, the fairytale we have that you can subdivide appeaser artistic work into these underage dinner slices, like maybe you dont want the whole painting. Maybe you want the right to look at the painting on wednesday. So i will sleep the wednesday right to the painting. In theory this opens up whole economic metals that have never been asked were before. People who only ever want the painting on wednesday can buy the wednesday rise. Now people who have been historically locked out of the painting can get into the market by only buying the wednesday rights. They can make these subdivided markets people are talking about about for 20, 30 years now. A way this works as provide you with the player. The player has the key to unscramble the things i scrambled and provided you cant figure out how i hit the key is not player, you cant make your own work. What this is is i giving you a program and as long as you cant figure out where youve got this thing to take on the subject and whatever analysis you want to subject to, so long as you never figure out where this thing that you own and keeping your lab or in your email or company my model works. You may have spotted the flaw in this model. Theres a reason we dont let the bank robbers keep atms in their living room. It doesnt matter how well if you hand it to the person you dont trust, they will eventually figure out how. When your adversaries in clute grad students at their own electron microscopes but nothing to do this weekend, it is kind of game over. So in theory, no one would ever want to digital logs on their work because they would be broken immediately. The law has a fix for this. Starting in 1888 in the United States at the copyright act and all over the world with laws that are analogous to it, we have made it illegal to break these digital laws, to figure out where the keys are hidden to make your own players. So now, you have the world where anyone can download for the internet and rip a dvd but there are no products you can buy that rip a dvd. You have to know that it exists. It is not a thing where there is a lot that will show you how to do it. It is all kind of shady and theres not any obvious paths to repeating a dvd. In some way you can think of these locks has been in tax. But they are not really. In practice if you want to rip a dvd, it isnt to rip it. It is to find a copy some on all sides are a direct on the pirate bay and download it yourself. You dont have to be smart enough to figure out how to break the protection on the dvd. Yet to be smart enough to find a copy that someone also broke the protection on. So back to us come as soon as the serbs are made available they are made available for download without paying for them. The antipiracy site doesnt work although the people who make the piracy tool saves but had nothing. And what it tells me is actually worse than nothing. The reason is worth nothing as the rules around these digital locks come in the copyright act says that when you allow someone to lock up your Creative Work with sarawak only they are allowed to remove the lock. So if adobe or apple or amazon lock up your work and you decide later that you want to search something with the competitors. They can come with me they are not going to do it because youre letting him onto their garden. Where they generate money from being able to exploit the fact they are locked into diamond into arrivals. He actually just saw this play out in real time. We have five major publishers. Two are german. One is an Old Newspaper family, the other is a company that mostly sells cluster bombs and landmines. And then theres a french one owned by a company that also does lots of things including selling cluster bombs. They clearly have the rather sudden do. They are remarkably strategically illiterate because they always insisted that their work could be sold with digital locks on the. They are terrified of piracy. So every word, every book, all the rather imprints that ive ever been sold has been sold locked up to sontag ologies. Last year the beginning of this year, amazon sat down and said right, youre the first is the big five whose 10 year deals have expired. Is time to negotiate a new 10 year deal and we want a lock. They said that is more than we are prepared to give. Amazon said you dont have to sell your book through us anymore. And tell you agree to the terms weve said, we are not going to sell your book anymore. No longer will people be allowed to buy jk rowling books or Amanda Palmer books are amazon and which accounts for 40 to 50 of all the book sales in north america. If they had not lodged their work to do with magic anticopying snake oil, they would then say it is your choice whether or not you want to carry our books are not carry her books, but as long as you are not carrying our book we make them available everywhere else at half price and make this after that takes your amazon book for apple books or google books or anyone else that platform books. All those people that you have sold to get them into your garden and they are going to walk out and follow somewhere else because people dont ibooks because of the bookstore. They are not by jk rowling because jk rowling kit from amazon or day by jk rowling because they love the books and the books and they will follow jk rowling wherever they take her. They werent allowed to do that. They were capable of do that because basil the right to control customers to amazon for nothing. This is just going to get worse. Amazon has this other line of business. The come me that is the major audio book market. Unlike amazon bookmark where you get to decide whether or not the lack of your books, if you make your audio books available, you have to allow amazon to lock up your book. They only provide amazon to itunes. It is inaudible book to amazon. It is not like amazon said weve got all these people who work for come any though work for ottawa. And they have the same business except that audible has its suppliers by much shorter, curly or hair. They turned the screw here. In the near future we see it deems that make it look like my little pony episode here in so that is my law if someone locks it up and wont give you the key, you can be sure scare for your benefit. The second lot has been famous wont make you rich, but no one will buy your art unless theyve heard of you. He publishers oreilly books that the animals. He coined the term open source and hes a great onto boston aphorisms. Tim said a few years ago it is of security. That is resonated for people who went to war with that on their banners. I think when people heard that people unfortunately misunderstood. If you are famous enough, you will be rich. The way that people hear about our work as creators of the 21st century using the internet. Not the way with a give money. And Online Platforms like u2. They use payment processors like square or paypal or advertising brokers like googles ad words through the way we earn our living happens on the internet. Sometimes it happens through traditional publisher or studio or label it sometimes they go on the road. As the benches in these who have gone on their own and have pieced together the functions of a publisher from the bits and pieces on the internet these independent Publishing Services on the internet. Some of them started off in the mainstream. Her are or Amanda Palmer walked out of the record label system and walked off into independent lands and were abl