Twitsphere. Thank you very much for a great presentation. Im a former world bank and intelligence and state department person. You did, i think, mention driverless cars. And the Current Issue of the economist magazine is an article on chinas progress in pioneering driverless cars. And china is also very good in biotechnology. So, what does this kind of competition offer to rust belt centers . The sands of competition shift all the time. I read that article and, sure, theyre beginning to develop the expertise but google has been at it for the last ten years or so. So, ten years, gives you a certain head start. So, when it comes to really smart products, i think the United States and to some extent various european places have an enormous head start because of this sharing of brain power. What we sometimes forget is that political revolutions are noisy and bloody. Economic revolutions kind of creep up on you and this is what is happening now. What were seeing is an economic revolution. We just dont get it yet. Just think of how you have learned to live with your smartphone. How you now dont go to the library to look something up in a book. No. You do it right in your pocket. It just happened and you never even noticed it. Its a revolution. I tell you, working in the Research Triangle park, you have people say to you all the time, what do you think about what theyre doing and china . What too you become that what theyre doing in boston or Silicon Valley . We get what would you think yeah. Teddy roosevelt said it best. Comparison is the thief of joy. You can sit around and obsess about that, but just get on with it. Just get on with doing stuff. Make a difference. Work with people. Make things happen. It will im the great optimist and i just believe that, have faith in the people in your effort, make the invex and just get on with and it things will happen. I want to bring rebecca into this because rebecca was part of this network of sspi science and technology. And came up with a fictional federal policy or federal program or federal initiative that probably everyone in this room would support and build directly out of this book, and then they pulled this fictional program, and what were the poll numbers . They were like incredible. Innovation Science Technology for economic prosperity, and so it was basically university research, the commercial engine, i could get those things out and then intermediary organizations would connect. And polled a lot of that in battleground states. 97 approval rating, 87 across the whole, and then we said, would you pay for it . The most after van guard one was the gasoline tax to people would pay 54 in battleground states and pay a gasoline tax to Fund Increased commercial development and it was done by both democratic and republican polling agencies, and the whole polling methodology. So i think thats an Incredible Opportunity to be able to leverage we have an innovation advocacy council, and that polling data in these conversations and end, too, with the book. We have been talking about these types of things for a long time, and i think the book gives a lot of credibility in the way that fred and antoine wrote it to be able to bring back to our city governments our city leaders and be able to talk about what needs to happen as we accelerate the transformation. The era of cheap is over the era of smart has begun. Thank you antoine and fred. Thank you to the panel. [applause] every night for the next seven weeks on cspan2, booktv will be in primetime. Tomorrow night, we hear from some of 2016s best selling authors, including jeremy mccarter, coauthor of the book about the Tony Award Winning musical hamilton. We hear from the all authorize of valiant ambition, george washington, Benedict Arnold and fate of the american revolution. Book tv starts at 8 00 p. M. Eastern on cspan2. Washington gorgeous is live from the Republic National convention in cleveland. A discussion on the committee, and then rnc rules Committee Special Counsel and janes bob will talk about his work with the Rule Committee and arizona Maricopa County sheriff and delegate joe arpaio will join us to discuss trumps answer to illegal immigration, and darrell roleland, talks about what has happened so far and what is ahead at the republican convention. Be sure to work cspans washington journal beginning at 7 00 a. M. Eastern, tuesday morning. Pleasure to welcome you all today to our visiting speaker series. My name is im a Senior Researcher here. I do a lot of research in augmented and Virtual Reality, and for long time now i have been fashion nailed with the ability of those economies to change the way we perceive the environment, the way we think about our body, our experiencees and how we can change the with a that we experience the world. So its my great pleasure to today welcome you and to announce kara platon and i its about hacking all the sends, about what other people in the world are doing to enhance our abilities. I just want to give you a brief biography of her. She is a journalist and currently teaches at Uc Berkeley School of journalism. So, without much further adieu, heres kara. Thank you. Thanks. Thank you for come taught see a newbie author talk about her new book, this lecture is the first time ive given this onement i maded just for you, since im coming to microsoft, i know some people are working in augmenting and virtual amendment. So whenever i give a talk i figure there are two questions that people want to know once they see my giant head, which is, who are you, and how did you report this book . And i thought, i can do this for you in basically two minutes and then we can get on to the good stuff. So, i am a science reporter itch teach at uc berkeley and what i did was i took one year off from teaching and i basically surfed through eight states and four countries by posting where i wanted to go on facebook and seeing if people would put me up, which was a really cheap way of reporting. And my goal was to write about people who are having sensory perception, doing cutting edge research, but to make sure it went only people who are in universities. I wanted to see people who are doing science and showing that effect in the real world. So i met clockmakers and transhumannists and body piercers and biohackers and perfumers and robot builders and surgeons and perfumers and awesome people, and to give you the short version, i went here, i and went hear, anybody know what that is . They keep the atomic clock, and i went here, and here, and here, and here. Thats marilyn monroe, and here and here. Thats london. You can see theres the word t. And its very and i smelled these things, and i smelled those things and i drank that stuff. And i wore that thing. And i wore that thing, and i wore those things, and i met this robot, and i met this thing that helps that robot, and met this vary ancient commuter. Anybody know what it is . The difference the first model. Because i wanted to understand this very, very mod concern computer. This is part of the clock now. The slowest super computer, a clock meant to last 10,000 years. Got these tattoos. Augments tattoos that an nate when you hold them up to a mirror. They were temporary. I got another lot another turn a lot of stuff that looks like this into stuff hat looks like that and i turned these into those, and these into that, and i did that to my laptop. Those keys theyre actually cratered. Just worn off. I did that to my wrist. I did that to my couch. Along the way my students sent me this care package, finally this happened, and then this happened. And then this happened. This where is we need the giant head. Thats the galley proof of the book, and finally this is happening. So, i think we did it in two minutes. So, i know you havent had a chance to read the book yet because it just came out so ill give awe a quick overview. This is a book about sensory perception. How you experience the world through your five senses, which is taste, smell, vision, hearing, and touch, and how you can hack them. And the starting point for this book is that there is no one reality. And once you get over that, the rest is real easy ride. And what i mean is theres no one single experience of the world. Instead what is happening is your bryan is constructing your brain is constructing an experience for you to have and what you perceives is different than what everybody else perceives. Thats be because were all genetically different. Your brain and body are different than anybody elses. Part is because perception is malleable. Theres a huge amount of information coming at you all the time and you have to filter and screen it to construct a coherent experience for yourself, and the way you learned to tend to different information and discard the rest is different. The senses are limited. We only have these five sensory portals but there are other animals that can sense more. So like sharks can sense electricity, and snakes ick sense infrared. Honey bees can see ultraviolet. A lot of animals, turtles, back tier use, that can sense electric field. And i met with a group they were frustrated. Why cant we see gamma rays, see a sunset in infrared . Getting centurysed by a stupid butterfly, right . So they and other grinders like them were building implants in an effort, in a bid to give. The as new sensory experience. While they were kind of an extreme they were part of this much Bigger Community of people working to push the boundaries of sensory perception, and some people that i met are doing it for medical purposes. Theyre trying to help people who have a medical need. And some people are doing it to expand or enhance what we can sense. This book is 11 stories and i kind of think people might read it sort of like i think of it as being like baskins robbins. The one of the fit people on the planet who has relearned how to see. About one of the first people to get a retinal implant. Dean lloyd who was bosh with normal vision, lost it as an adult do to you a genetic disorder and volunteered to be one of the first people to get an implant that is actually implanted in his eye. He wears a pair of spectacles with a camera over the bridge of his nose. The camera translates the images to the electronic impulses that travel us up to his jane he perceives a certain form of vision. Thats molt what herms from when he was a young man. Her done see three dimensional, he see flashes of light that indicate contrast points between dark areas and light areas but its enough that he can navigate and recognize objects. When he was staring at me a he said he cant see organic material but he said i can see your eyes. Your eyes are glowing and i was like, that would do you mean . He was seeing the reflection off my glasses. I went to watch robotic surgery, amazing experience and why i had to get so many vaccinations. Went to see the doctor who was operating thon patient from across the room. Wanted to understand robotics because rights now doctors who are doing teleoperative surgery have to do it totally visually. The dont get touch feedback from the patient and that can cause some problems. They dont know how tightly their pulling on the surety tour and it takes an experienced surgeon. So i learn about some of the lab at stanford that are working on basically how to Prime Minister the robotic devices to render feedback to a surgeon. What ill realized this was leading to was not for surgery. Its for the development of a better generation of neuroprosthetics that could move and be controlled by thoughts. That we be able to render touch feedback so a person knows how tightly theyre goodriching an october so they know if something is about to fall from their grasp. One of the things that the researchers told me is that one of the things people who use prosthetics ask for most is to be able to feel the warmth of a loved ones hand. I think touch is very important. I went as you saw i went to learn about the build of the 10,000 year clock, project of the long now foundation in san francisco. The idea is to reframe the idea how we think about time. So the idea is to build a clock that will last ten thousand years without a human guardian and you can imagine the engineering problems involve in doing that. So, this book has a lot of science that deals with electronics and computers but i also make the argument that technology isnt just gadgets. Its anything that we can build to help ourselves to alter our experience. So i make the argue. That language is a technology and the first chapter is the search for a sixth taste. I went to high school you learned there are salty, sweet, sour, bitter and at the turn of the century came this idea of savory, which had been understood as a concept in japan for 100 years but had not been season inside the west until scientist discovered receptors on the tongue. And people in the west learned how to taste this taste. That unleashed the search for other candidates. So, i went kind of on a quest around to taste the other candidates. If anybody comes to town hall ill talk about how language affect our ability to perceive what we taste. This is about a chemical technology, about perfume, about a group of volunteers who are working at a hospital in france who use sense as a way to help people with alzheimers and other dementias to recall memory. As i learned, loss of smell is the first clinically observable of alzheimers disease. Smell and memory are very deeply connected in the brain. But since im here at microsoft i wanted to tell you about Virtual Reality and this is not a technical talk but i wanted to show you a really cool application i got to witness while i was recording. I just want to talk about immersiveness, about how immersive these technologies can be and what it was like to meet you and use it. So my First Experience covering Virtual Technology was in 2008, when i went to jeremy very Virtual Human Interaction Lab at stanford university. The fir experience was the pit. Anybody been in a pit sim simulation . The floor rolls back and theres a little board and you have too walk of the pit. Right . And it is an immediate experiment in presence. How much do you feel youre in that world. The test is if you react to the pit as if its a real pit. And did immediately. Right . I started to do this. And jeremy said what are you doing with your arms . I said, oh, yeah, right, no need to balance but i was really in the pit. He said people have the worst experiences in this simulation. They scream, they run across the board. I had a friend, another journalist who went to his lab to do a story and she couldnt do it. It was too real. But i got out in middle and says what happens if i jump off and he said, try it. And so i did. And i fell, and it was amazing, and thats when realized i really like vr. But i remember thickening it was kind of like falling down in falling over the cliff in a road runner cartoon. The same brick went by over and over and i fell standing up, like, the coyote and win i went back to research the book i wants to see if Virtual Reality had changed. Researched the book between 2013 and 2015, to make the experience more realistic, and what i saw was amazingly real. So i ended up spending time dish went back to the lab at stanford and also went to i had this amazing experience at Buckley Air Force base in colorado where i spent time with the National Guard unit that was about to deploy to afghanistan. So, they were participating in a Clinical Trial of a program. Could strife which stands for stress resilience and emersive virtual environment. The idea was to see if they could be made more resilient to developing posttraumatic stress disorder by pretreating them, by exposing enemy advance to stressful situations they might experience while in a war zone. And this project is run by dr. Albert rizzo, psychologist from usd. He runs part of this group called the institute for creative technologies, and he had spent already about a decade using Virtual Reality has a tool to treat ptsd in those who had already deployed and come back with symptoms. The created worlds called virtual iraq and virtual afghanistan they can use to simulate stressful situations that soldiers might have. And the idea is the soldier goes into the virtual scenarios while theyre there with the therapist who is guiding the vr simulation and then the recall memories. The therapist says tell me what happened to you and as the soldier describe s it the therapist makes that thing help. If they say i remember gunfire, she ick make the sound of gunfire. If theyve say can remember a sand storm, she can make a sand storm. Want to show you these are images of dr. Rizzo in his lab. These are some of the images from virtual rack so vvirtual iraq. This is a checkpoint. A much more stressful checkpoint with a sand storm. This is an ied explosion in a market. They do at love tome that youre actually in a vehicle because thats a very common situation, so he heres one inside a humvee. One thats kind of an ambush situation. Heres one of being inside a humvee and actually being hit by an explosive. And these when he is in his own lab, he doesnt only use vision and sound. He actually has sub woofer built interest the floor which vibrate to create the vibration of the moat dispore she shock of the explosion. Pumps smells into the room so diesel, garbage, sweat. He has been walked through the simulation carrying a prop rifle. Doesnt do anything, just for the weight and the feeling of carrying its. When he said he was think about using a heat lamp to mimic the heat of the desert. The only thing they cant figure out is taste. He thought maybe he could make everybody eat a spoonful of sand. So, this experience is meant to be hyper real, and its based on older psychological tech anything called exposure therapy so the idea is you face the thing that scares you and it stops being scary. Right . And this idea had actually been around in Virtual Reality. A day were the hardest to treat and they hadnt been helped by anything else so a lot of soldiers were willing to try this novel form of therapy but there was a big difference between using Virtual Reality to treat