After the government shut down one member of the tea party and there are examples on the other side as well, came out and said that is what happens, standard and poors says the cost economy is 1 million, they just make those numbers up. Is not true. Wait a minute, standard and poors is a different agency, they are moving out, that lenders out there and that does have an effect and you take the ordinary citizen and theyre trying to decide what is in the best interest of their family or with you want to go in their country and having a hard time making decisions because we have a woman who works in montana, a wonderful friend who does a great job, three times week she comes across a bridge in the river quite wide eyed, you wont believe what i read on the internet. I always say the same thing. I am not going to believe what you read on the internet. We talked before hand, we fought to give you a sense of a very personal nature, what comes through in these letters is arthur was not only a preeminent historian, he would have two martinis and go back and write 5,000 words. What comes through with their he is having a dustup with Nathaniel Buckley or somebody else is the enormous personal character of who he was and how he cared about people and he was always the best companion. This was written on november 22nd, 1963, the day, the evening, nothing i can say to mitigate the shame and horror of this day. Your husband was the most brilliant, able and inspiring member of my generation, the one man to whom this country could confide with confidence and hope, animated everything with getty and which. To have known him and worked with him and for him is the most fulfilling experience i ever had or could imagine. The grief of the nation did may do something to suggest terrible vacancy get, mary ann and my weeping children send my profound love and sympathy. Let me know if i can do anything help with abiding love cut, a historian who also has great heart and that was the perfect example. Said that is a wonderful place to end. Thank you. [applause] i just want to say one thing. Before i got on a plane to come down here i said to a friend who is a graduate of the same institution 9 need to know two things about vanderbilt. Here are the two things. The dogs, 27. [applause] thank you all. Thank you, chancellor. [inaudible conversations] you are watching booktv, nonfiction authors and books every weekend on cspan2. I didnt get the idea for the for dummies series. I had an idea to do a beginning book about computers, das specifically, and kind of inspired myself to do that just dealing with people in a magazine editing job i had, being on the radio at that time and being out in the public and talking about computers it was obvious people wanted to learn more but the material we had available at the time wasnt and doing the job. We had beginner books on how to use computers but they suck and. They just didnt have they were condescending, patronizing, the author was there again, he was like you will never get this stuff anyway or look at this, this is cool. People didnt want to know that. They wanted to use the computer. Originally trying to publish one book and even then there was some reluctance with the title. When the owner find out they had this book das for dummies, you cant offend the reader. Canceled that bookend unfortunately or fortunately 5,000 copies came off the press. Originally was going to be 7500 that they stopped it at 5,000 and figured okay, show this out in the marketplace and it will just go away. At the time not all bookstores even wanted to have it. Waldenbooks said we dont want it, we dont want to insult our readers, we dont want that but even with just 5,000 copies out there and this was before the internet, when we had book stores, real bookstores people went into, they came in and it was gone. In a week it was sold out because people wanted it. They saw it and said that is for me. I am a dummy, i want that. Today there are two fifty million for dummies books in print and 1800 titles out there. Find out more this weekend as a booktv and American History tv look at the history and literary life of idaho. Today at noon eastern on cspan2 and sunday at 5 00 on cspan3. Up next, author and scholar Christina Hoff summers, feminism critic and former philosophy professor talk about ethics in everyday life, the current state of feminism and policies she says harm young men. The resident scholar of the American Enterprise institute is the author or coauthor of four nonfiction books including who stole feminism . how women have betrayed women, Mcnerney King and the revised war against boys how misguided policies are harming our young men. Christina hoff summers, how do you define feminism . In the best sense feminism is the philosophy is that says the plant women are equal before the law. They deserve the same rights, the same liberties, equal dignity end basically a philosophy of basic fairness. Host in your book who stole feminism . how women have betrayed women you talk about the new feminism. What is the new feminism . The new feminism emerged especially in thes and 90s and is a hardline version. I became a feminist in the 70s. I did not appreciate male chauvinism and believed in equality of opportunity. However, in the 80s and 90s, i was reading a feminist the arrests and feminist philosophers and there were furious that were so aggressive in their harshly anti mail. As i read these textbooks it was as if they were following the model women are from venus, are from hell. I didnt become a feminist to denigrate men. Was a reverse chauvinism. We have antagonism to men. So i took exception to that. Many other things. I found i even developed terms. I called myself and equity feminists, who once for women what she wants for every one. Basic respect and equality. The other school law called gender feminism because they believed in the sex gender system and there were a group of the arrests who thought that women wear an oppressed class and the oppression was systemic and every Major Institution was the patriarchy. It was not enough to improve the condition of women or change laws, the system, the gender system had to be dismantled. That led to some very radical proposals that very few women wanted. Most women want their right. They want to be liberated from the capitalist patriarchal Oppressive Society if there is such a thing. There may be places in the world where there is such a thing but the United States, feminism was a Great Success story and i didnt find my colleagues in feminist philosophy celebrating that success. Almost as if things got better for women, they became more resentful and angry and to what me appear to be a Conspiracy Theory about the patriarch. Host was the Feminism Movement of the 60s necessary in the u. S. In your view . Guest absolutely. Before feminism, it started in nearly 60s and there were arbitrary Barriers Holding women back. You could look at a newspaper and there were jobs for men and jobs for women. It was as if women could do a few things and men could do everything else. That had to change. It had to change. Was oppressive for some many women, held back so many women. There were schools where women werent welcome, hard for women to enter professions. Women who could have been biologist, philosophers, were simply not welcome. A very rare woman could break through. That had to change. Had to raise consciousness about violence against women, sexual harassment. There were legitimate equity issues and i am very grateful, all women must be grateful to the activists and legislators that changed things very much for the better. Host what are some of the laws that passed the that you think were good for more equality . Guest the equal pay act, a series of Supreme Court hearings you could fire woman because she was pregnant, eventually had laws against harassment in the workplace, things that had once seemed this is just life, people proposition each other in the workplace, it turned out there was a disparate impact on women in the workplace with this kind of sexual overtures that were sometimes used to pressure women, almost blackmail women. That needed to shane and more laws protecting women from discrimination and harassment so certainly a strong proponent, almost all the equity legislation in the 60s and 70s. Host if you were to explain from your book who stole feminism . how women have betrayed women, it is unworthy of dignified feminism and educationally harmful. Yes. Introducing you to a new vocabulary. Came from the gender feminists, synonymous with victim feminism or hardline feminism. They took what they called a dino centric view, some young women wanted to be called dino americans. I had colleagues who referred to the dish they didnt like the word seminar because it is associated with emphasis on power so they came up with a feminist equivalent. That was funny but they werent kidding. It was almost as if they wanted to reject everything men had done. I and many other equity feminists, wonderful women who have been dissidents like me, cathy young, many of us believe that the purpose of feminism was so women could win men in creating culture, women could join men is on an equal footing as lawyers and doctors and businesses and all the professions. Wasnt about rejecting all the things men had done. That is why i called it destructive. There were many young women who had come to college especially they would take courses where they were taught to have contempt for the achievements of the great male philosophers. And as a philosophy professor who spend all my time trying to encourage students to read and understand and appreciate plato and aristotle and descartes and to have my colleagues telling students these were males and we need a female versions of it was almost as if they were replacing what men had done with what hardline feminists were doing. That wasnt equivalent because they left out most women because we want our rights bill we are not hardliners, we dont think of ourselves as biocentric. Host you have a chapter caldwell we report in who stole feminism . how women have betrayed women. What is that . Guest the American Association of University Women in the mid 90s commission Wellesley Center for research on women to study the wellbeing of girls in school and was intitled how schools change girls, and if we were to go back into the mid 90s you would think that our schools were hospital environments for girls, they were secondclass citizens, they were held back in every way which was important when in fact it was the exact opposite. The wellesley report was a very wellmeaning they were so carried away with his victim agenda they failed to notice it was actually boys who had lower grades, boys who were more likely to drop out and less likely to go to college and yet not only did we have the wellesley report, but Carol Gilligan at Harvard University debating girls as she said a are drowning and disappearing in a sea of western culture, that was her quotation, mary piper talking about revising ophelia, young women were in a state of extreme duress and suffering and falling behind, the exact opposite was true. Girls by the mid 90s were flourishing in ways which were unprecedented. As a philosophy professor i would look at my classroom, increasingly female dominated. The girls were getting the better grades and rising. I began to check these facts to find out how did they come a there was so much success for women, women were Getting Better grades and more likely to go to college how do they turn that into bad news for women . And there you find a lot of what has gone wrong. Host you talk about being on pbs in your book and there was discussion on feminism and what happened there, the followup on dateline. What is that story . Guest they had done research on they claimed in a classroom boys call out eight times more than girls and when a girl will call out an answer she is likely to be told sitdown and waiting till you are called on. Boys, the teacher will engage and respectfully entertain what they have to say. This call out gap became a signature factoid of the shortchange girls movement. You could google it and find it in nearly every news report, this injustice to girls, boys are dominating the classroom. I wanted to see the research, human stall laius check the data and in the case of this research i couldnt find it. It didnt appear there was anywhere where this factoid was documented. It turned out he had done a study for the department of education and submitted a report which was lost somewhere in the department of education. Later, u. S. News and world report tried to track it down. Wasnt able to do it. Professor judith kleinfilled called and it wasnt exactly 81, reporters at the time, the boston globe, as they reported the statistic that is true, parents were told much more voluble, and shrinking violence. Exactly the opposite is true. The typical classroom, no one calls on them. It is true boys get more attention, more careful research, it was negative attention. Boys are more unruly or the teacher will say the president of france, johnny is not listening, there are more reprimands but more positive engagement comment in fact fairly good data from the department of education that they feel they have a right to express their opinions and if the teacher wants to hear what they have to say and far fewer boys feel that way. Host that leads into your second book the war against boys how misguided policies are harming our young men. Just updated this year. The new edition came out this year. What is gender Awareness Education . Some Educators Want to make gender salient in raising student consciousness and reversing if they read a fairy tale they will say sexism and have a fairy tale that reverses that and also the earliest age by making children aware what i think isnt true, want to make formal engenders a social invention. We are all just bore an androgynous and society imposes masculinity and femininity. Most people have a gender identity that is feminine or masculine. Not all, there are exceptions. As a rule is important, the critical part of your identity if you are a girl or boy and it is not something that is easily changed and there are differences and it is accommodation of biology and culture. We dont know the exact balance, being determined to deny biology is playing a role and feel that you have a gender aware classroom and the teacher is aware she should try to raise and try to make genderless salient. You raised through consciousness about gender while trying to diminish stereotypical expressions like little girls that they should you go to a to the playground little girls play differently from boys. The average little boy in cages in roughandtumble play, not fighting, sound effects, noise iran rowdier the better. Girls do that too but they do it a lot less. For little girls there are turn taking games, theatrical imaginative games, playing school, playing house and exchanging confidencess with a best friend. There are educators, they want to go in and change that. Typically they want boys to play more like barrels because for some reason it is as if as one psychologists at barrels of the Gold Standard in education. Boys are viewed as defective girls, very often, increasingly berries and intolerance for useful masculinity. The high spirited play of little boys, 6 and 7yearolds who engage in a lot of imaginative narrative involving superheros, rescuing people and killing the bad guys, jr. Says bang bang he could be held to have run afoul of the schools zero tolerance policy. Quote kids as young as 5 or 6 have been suspended for violating the rule against having firearms in school. I am in favor of zero tolerance. In my mind that is the child brings a weapon, not little boys playing cops and robbers but that is happening across the country. One little boy was suspended because he shoots a pop tart into the shape of a gun. He was suspended. His parents were appalled. He is a little boy, not a criminal. Anyway, in the playground there is increasing in tolerance for a little bullies. Host in the war against boys how misguided policies are harming our young men you write american boys do not need to be rescued. They are not pathological. They are not seething with repressed rage or imprisoned in straitjackets of masculinity. American girls are not suffering a crisis of confidence, nor are they being silenced by the culture. Guest we have to stop apologizing children, boys and girls. Children are not helped if they are treated as though they are defective or deviant or in the case of boys toxic in some way. I do believe children need to be civilized, need to open their hearts and minds and teach them to be caring, considerate human beings. That does not mean forcing boys to be exactly like girls and it doesnt mean treating girls as if they are shrinking and flowering and failing ophelias. There is too much apologizing, children of resilience and for the most part this is a radical thing to say, most of them are quite healthy including most bullish. We have to freeze their distinction among sociologists, have to preserve a distinction between pathological masculinity and healthy masculinity. A young man who displays pathological masculinity shows his manhood by being destructive, by preying on weaker people, by tearing things apart, basically a reign of terror and. Aa who is displaying healthy masculinity is the opposite, he doesnt destroy. He doesnt prey on weaker people, he protects. I believe that is a majority of men i have known. If i look at the date of the majority of men in United States are displaying healthy masculinity. Little boy is running around a playground playing cops and robbers, terrible to confuse that with pathology but in many schools that is what we are doing. Theres a wonderful researcher at the university of minnesota who is an expert on playground dynamics says roughandtumble play is the universal play of little boys, crosscultural, you find males will engage in a lot of chasing behavior, high spirited fighting and so forth. Teachers and parents are not making the distinction between roughandtumble play and violence. They are letting critical lessons about self control, and friendships, it is quite violent. They part as enemies. Of very unhappy thing to see. A joyful dispirited natural play of little boys. Boys do it, most of them, not all but most, as much as you let them, not making distinctions, healthy masculinity, pathological masculinity. Sm