Mitigation constraints, from Law Enforcement perspective this affect needed training and equipment for bomb teams essential opportunity to train and purchase equipment needed for adequate response, this was a critical component to the polls nightclub, in 2015, a need to purchase a tactical robot for our swat teams and refurbish one of the aging regional bomb robot, due to lack of funding these projects were not funded. Finally, for the last years we have seen funding through Grant Programs to conduct swift assisted victim extraction or training for the region. The critical training teaches Law Enforcement and fire Service Necessary to save lives, and fire personnel will stage a safe difference from the scene until Law Enforcement declares it is clear even though Law Enforcement is confident they captured and contained or killed suspects. This course is designed to teach lawenforcement officers and the Fire Department the tactics necessary to enter a semisecure area which will reduce time to render aid to victims and save their lives. Without continued training these perishable skills would surely deteriorate. In closing i would like to bring to the attention of the committee the paradigms of traditional terror attacks changing. In the past, identified Critical Infrastructure and obviously still are targets of terror attacks. Based on the horrific events we experienced at the orlando polls nightclub and that of the brave Dallas Police officers who gave their lives when protecting innocent civilians last week i urge the committee to consider these attacks are becoming more frequent at venues identified as soft targets. I asked the committee to review relative risk formula to better address the risk profile you need for the Orlando Kissimmee sanford nsa. I would like to thank congressman mica for his continuous unwavering support not only for the pulse assistance but your assistance in Grant Funding and thank the committee for allowing me the opportunity to give my Statement Today and i look forward to questions. We will hear from our last witness, walter purdy of the Terrorism Research center. Thank you, chairman mica. Ranking member lynch and other distinct members of the committee, thank you for inviting me to testify about this important issue. The terrorism threat in america is one that is constantly evolving. In the wake of the terrorist attacks in nice, previous attacks in paris, brussels, boston, charleston, chattanooga, San Bernardino, orlando, the last thing we should be doing is reducing the levels of funding to certain cities that need these funds to protect america. It is on think of let this time that president obamas 2017 budget reduces the level of funding for Homeland Security initiatives through the urban Area Security initiative and other funding mechanisms to protect the homeland. The threat to america from terrorists has not gone away and is constantly evolving. The director of the fbi, james comey has warned the fbi is investigating isis suspects in 50 states with 900 active investigations. Just this last week on the front page of the Washington Post adam goldman wrote an article talking about 92 isis individuals in the United States. Even the funding for state and local antiterrorism training conducted through the department of justice has been reduced and cut back. Fog talking to an individual at the bureau yesterday, they said im not sure what we are going to do to help lock a Law Enforcement the needs is critical training today. The terrorism threat to america seems to continue to grow. Last week the secretary of Homeland Security said testified at a Senate Hearing on funding for Homeland Security. He said he was constrained by the budget agreement, wasnt happy, had to make hard choices. We all know budgets restrain people but we have to think about how we are spending those resources and giving those communities, cities, counties and regions that need them the tools and resources to do the job to protect american citizens. As you just heard, all the tourists visit the orlando area. The terrorism threat to america was reduced to going away, i would be the first to support a reduction in funding. The department of Homeland Security, we all know this threat is not going anywhere. It is increasing. Today we see homeland radicalize terrorists conducting attacks as we saw in San Bernardino. We see individuals, one. 2 miles from my residents in fairfax, virginia getting locked up last friday. We see in sterling, virginia, individuals inspired by isis going and purchasing weapons, seeking to attack targets in this particular region. We need to be funding local Law Enforcement. They are the First Responders, the police and Sheriff Department and offices in orlando bravely dealt with that particular critical incident. Yet we are asking the Law Enforcement community and First Responders, firefighters and others to deal with the evergrowing complex challenge, funding levels in places get cut. We cant expect Law Enforcement as a community is going to be prepared to deal with these changing situations over time when we are starting funds. Homeland security programs, congress has heard from mayors chiefs of police, sheriffs across america that have lobbied for a departure and reexamination of how the funding takes place. The threat is real. I ask you to change the direction and approach in which these funds and mechanisms provide Critical Resources and assistance to those First Responders in america. Training is critical. It is a critical step to getting individuals so they can respond effectively to this growing threat. Thank you for the time, look forward to answering questions. I want to thank our Witnesses Today and i will go directly to questions. We have a program in place, it has been in place since 2003, many years, we provide 1 billion a year in funding. What we have got to do is make sure we dont leave any American City or Community Behind. My dad used to say to sheriff demings and me this morning, my dad used to say it is not how much you spend. It is how you spend it and get money out. Unfortunately we are involved in this even before the horrible terrorist massacre. We were looking at trying to see what was wrong with the formula, why we were denied. We found several things. In the response, i dont know who signed this, but came back from fema to me before february 19th, this is from you. You said dhs office of intelligence and analysis uses a holistic approach to analyze threat information and juxtapose its review of intelligence community. Again, we have different agencies doing different things, you are relying on information you are getting from them. Im told some of that information is outdated. In orlando, they are using assessment data that is from 2011 other tourism visitation, hasnt been updated since then. Did you know that . That is not accurate. We have more recent data than that. We were told that was what was used, there has been an uptick. We were told again the information they have is not up to date. They do that. You analyze their data and intelligence and what they supply to you. The reason we use the term holistic is a partnership between us and the office of intelligence and analysis for the threat piece of the formula, threat vulnerability and consequence. The threat piece looks at active terrorism, credible threats, reporting. The information we have is the data on which you based it, orlando was outdated, that is one. Mister purdy referred to it, we are missing the mark, we missed the mark dramatically in orlando. Mister purdy said we had San Bernardino, boston, my community, they are hitting soft targets. We went back and tried, as you heard, we found out the basis in which you analyze this is orlando doesnt have a port. Many went to tampa and many went to miami, they have ports. We tried to change the area to Volusia County and brevard county, they were denied that. My point here is somehow the threat assessment isnt dealing with the reality of what they are doing, they are coming at us in soft targets, and we said we are a soft target, we have Great Security at sea world, and these big attractions. Look at the death toll from orlando. These people are from all over, young ladies, a good place to go which was the pulse nightclub in orlando, philadelphia. Look at the roster, where they came, they came to a soft target. This guy scooped this as they came back and slaughtered people. We are missing the mark. And give the secretary to more discretion, and leave no Community Behind and divide billion dollars between everybody, orlando, Central Florida, the biggest terrorist attack in the history of the country since 9 11 got 0 the last two years. Dont you think something is wrong . I will address a number of things you raised. In terms of leaving or city behind the billion dollars you are referencing goes through two programs, state Homeland Security program, 402 million this year. The District Of Columbia and us territories, that is a baseline of Homeland Security funding. Maybe you are not here to speak on behalf of the secretary of dhs and beyond, and we are not getting it right. Just for the record, this is provided by you, daily visitors, the data saves 2011201213 survey data. This is what you gave us, dont say i am incorrect. Sheriff demings summed a lot of this up, for whatever the information we have in intelligence, we have got to go back to Getting Better intelligence connecting the dots. We are only talking about this program. And with these particular terrorists was identified multiple times, put on a watchlist, taken off a watchlist, sheriff demings, you have got to have that information right to know who poses a risk coming into the community. Congressman mica, you are correct. We have a wonderful collaborative effort in federal state and local Law Enforcement in orlando, and the Intelligence Exchange and classified and unclassified information goes through the center that assists us, in responding to counterterrorism efforts as well as daytoday crime prevention. You said we have to change the paradigm, the orlandos, the chattanoogas, bostons, they are done with us. This is not over. We have a responsibility. If we spend one penny, it has to go most effectively and i am calling, we have 1 billion sitting there. That is another issue, since 2011 we have to get that money out. It should be here. And it goes to where people can use it. Something is wrong and we got to change it. My time is over and extended. Let me Ranking Member mister lynch. Mister kamoie, the chart shows a third of the resources that were authorized and expended. And half 1 million and spent, could you explain to me why the allocation, one might be the amount of resources that were allocated. And whether you deploy the resources to protect the people. The word chairman mica used was the money was idle. The first is it is one year funding provided to us by congress meaning we need to make award in the fiscal year. We announce the awards. If that is the case, if that money is spent that is what you tell me. The money is all booked against projects they are spending against. The budget at the beginning of the month, put on the ledger on the 25th, and it doesnt get paid. I appreciate that, we are going to spend that money later but it hasnt been spent yet. What about the factors we are using here, orlando, disney world and all that going on, they have huge fluctuations, manhattan the same thing, very little population on a saturday morning but then that is a huge problem. In the formula do we consider the inflow of areas in orlando when they get swamped with people. People who live there, who are visitors overnight and commute during the day and leave, we count those folks and the infrastructure you are familiar with in orlando. It was surprising to me the pulse nightclub in orlando was attacked. Who could predict that . Similar thoughts, the marathon a couple times. And even think after that, if we are going to protect soft targets, the list is endless, opportunities are endless, you have this whack a mole situation or guess where they might strike next. Or anything short of fullspectrum surveillance of American Society that could even approach addressing that problem. As far as something problematic, giving people money across these jurisdictions to make sure nothing happens, i dont know. It is a tall order for Law Enforcement and intelligence services, just wondering if there is a better model out there. The british put a lot of money into surveillance, especially their transportation systems. We havent done enough of that but is there another model out there that offers hope. I will defer to the sheriff and the police chief on what the tactics are to address the threat. On the financing and funding levels you point out something important in your Opening Statement which is the Direction Congress gives the secretary of how many jurisdictions, how far to spread the funding, secretary takes that guidance very seriously, congress has a choice about the breadth of jurisdictions you wish the department would cover with funding so i would encourage you to have discussions among the committee with appropriators about the appropriate intent you would like to convey. From my own experience in boston the fact that we had a very robust safety infrastructure, we had a superb police department, Fire Department, emergency medical services, hospitals, they were all on site and we were all on site. We had a great joint Terrorism Task force where fbi, dhs, state police, a lot of people were saved that day because we had medical tents set up and infrastructure in place, great leadership and that continues to this day so that sort of the first line of defense and what we are doing with special program so we have to support the sheriff and chief in their basic jobs plus that up with enhanced resources at this level. Thank you for your courtesy. I yield back the time that i have. I think my friend from massachusetts, i recognize myself for five minutes. Sheriff demings, the amount of people coming into Central Florida every year, what is the ballpark estimate of how many people come to visit . In 2015, 66. 1 Million People came to visit. In my county, permanent resident population was 1. 3 million. Effectively on any given day, the population doubles. That is the population we have to deal with. Those figures put orlando in the top 5 in the country for visitors. Is that your understanding . It would move us up from number 34. You combine the huge influx of people, a lot of different soft targets. People think they go to disney world, that is one. There are a high number of soft targets and probably more soft targets in other. An attack in orlando, we will remain at risk. And we want to be prepared for something occurring. We want to respond quickly. A huge number of people and soft targets come a were not really reflected in how fema analyzes this. There are some factors, we are seeing a paradigm shift and terror suspects identifying the targets as chief mina indicated and they are soft targets. How would the funding, say this changes and you are getting more funding, your first order of business to use that in terms of terrorist preparedness . Going back to the formula and amount of visitors, we believe since it is such a target that the number of visitors, would create weight but that funding has provided us with muchneeded training for our response and muchneeded equipment but training skills parish and equipment is needed to be replaced. Looking at the pulse incident there is so much more equipment, thermal imaging to see what was behind the walls. I met with officials from france to discuss the paris attacks, they have protection for face shields, there are all kinds of equipment. The Dallas Police used robots to deliver a bomb to kill the guy shooting the cops. You have access to that technology. We have a similar robot but again we havent had training to deploy such a device to kill a suspect in that situation. That is again training that could be provided with that funding. Sheriff demings, you talk in your testimony about having brevard and volusia being included in that. Why is that important . It is important because it speaks to how the metropolitan area functions. The infrastructure, the roadways, the way we advertise our tourism investigation, commuters travel to and from work. We are truly one metropolitan area. Whenever there is an incident in volusia we support the efforts. When there is something going on at the Kennedy Space center we support the efforts there as well. Even with