Sensors, why did this not get detected . And owe the answer is and you can tell if you look at the map that nobody thought to put these sensors around the white house or around the highincome areas of washington, d. C. So it was never measured. So it wasnt actually applied in this case to a wealthy area. We should look at how we apply it to accept the widest set of individuals. We need to talk about collaboration coordination. One of the interesting questions i think for government right now, is to ask themselves why didnt we create uber . If you think about this, you know, the problem that uber tried to solve, the really fundamental problem of matching passenger to drivers is really a taxi problem, this was something that cities and states knew they had. They were familiar with rolling out technology, they had done this in the past but they didnt probably the number one reason this problem is solved because they wanted to solve their own needs. They werent saying all these other cities have the same problem, maybe we can come together and build some kind of Platform Technology we can all use. So theres a really interesting model if you look at the cia. Theyve created incutell that funds startups doing work for the rest of the community. I think its important to think about how we collaborate in new ways. We just need to work together. This manse thinking outside the primary domain. Its about sharing a common platform and sharing and finally, its about ruthlessly pursuing efficiency. When we talk about innovation, sometimes we get hung up on creativity side. When you come back to innovation, its about Creative Destruction and we cant lose that destruction component. We cant just settle for doing cool things with technology. We need to be talking about increasing government productivity, increasing output and decreases output and decreases costs for government. As we talk about things like automation, for example, were talking about eliminating jobs or moving jobs. When we talk about things like, you know, smart bridges, were tacking about reducing bridge inspectors. This right here is chicagos map of their snow plow, its realtime information about where their snow plows are. This has a reduction on their call center because people would always call and say when is the snow plow coming . Now they can actually see it. But they cant really gain these productivity benefits unless theyre out there trying to figure out how they can translate this into cutting costs. So one of the challenges that ill put back to you, as we think about the internet of things, in the short term were thinking about what can we do with this technology and how can we enable new activities but this really comes back to the big challenges we have in government around managing i. T. , which is how do we work with the budgets that we need, how do we get the budgets we need, how do we cut staff, manage large i. T. Projects . Well have to solve these problems if we want to develop iot. If youre interested in the work we do, were putting out a report in a few weeks calling for a National Strategy around the internet of things and really laying out the case for this, very similar to what we saw around a National Strategy for broadband. Id encourage you to sign up for our newsletter and you can get it with it comes out. Its our favorite f word, free. No one likes asking the first question so ill do it. Let me get a sense. How many folks are doing things with internet of things now . Oh, look at that. Of course the google side is. So folks who are not in the first step but are thinking how in the world do we deal with all this because its changing so fast, help them get into that mindset. Thats a great question. Thank you very much. I get paid to do this. Thats true. I said collaborate and coordinate for a reason. I think theres a missing skill when it comes to i. T. Projects. If you think about network theory, if you want to collaborate with someone, you have to get them to do something that maybe theyre not willing to do. They dont want to do or they dont trust that youre going to do the same thing. This is all about Building Trust. So one of the challenges in government is really just Building Trust because were talking about having partnerships outside of our immediate scope. If youre doing a project if someone else is doing a project that they can benefit from you, youre going to have to share a budget. If youre doing something, theres someone else in government doing the exact same thing somewhere else. You have to figure out who they are and build those links to find them. Its two Different Things we have to figure out how to do well. Im getting my fitbit steps in. Daniel, fantastic presentation. My question is what should be the balance between satellite and wireless spectrum to help enable the iot marketplace . Its a great question. I dont have an answer to that. I have talked to people that are looking more at spectrum issues. Its going to depend on the application and depend on the situation. If you look, for example, at First Responders right now, they had what we thought was one spectrum need and then everyone started talking about Police Body Cameras and youre talking about streaming huge amounts of video. And that completely changes how well actually do this. So its really up in the air right now, how this will work. Right now most people are saying we want a lot of spectrum, standards for how we transmit this. I think in government as were building out the first net, theres going to be an opportunity to leverage this in many ways that are outside the traditional First Responder capabilities. So, for example, some of the sensors being deployed, v. A. Hospitals deployed these sensors so if theres an earthquake they can figure out immediately if they need to evacuate because has it been severe enough . Its a v. A. Application that has a First Respond do they use public airwaves . Do they use Something Else they acquire . Its a big question and unfortunately theres not a good answer. There was an earthquake in california and for the first time because people have thee devices on their arms, they could tell how many people got woken up on by the earthquake, which the Geological Survey is looking at how far did it travel, how far could somebody feel it . Puts out a lot more data than we never even thought about. When japan had their tsunami problems, they actually toyota worked with the government and toyota said very publicly they would never do this in the United States because its a different situation, but they were able to enable Data Analytics to figure out where people went in that case, so they could figure out where roads are open and where services were needed. You break the glass and use this in a oneoff situation but theres huge implications. In the tsunami situation, like disaster, right . Like disaster. Daniel from the Innovation Center foundation. Thank you, daniel. Appreciate it. A lot of this innovation is going on on the state and local level where they have to figure out how to do this stuff in a much more immediate way. And coming up right now is william wallace, executive director of u. S. Ignite. I come from a Nonprofit Organization called u. S. Ignite. Weve been called to think about next generation applications that can take advantage of next Generation Networks as they evolve. Were a little bit like where we were in 1991 and 1992 when the first internet came out and trying to figure out what to do with this when the first browser arrived. Our goals are to create 60 transformative applications over the next three to four years, working across 200 community and smart city test beds so we have places where these applications can be tried and proven well in advance of actual application. Were finding an early application like in chattanooga where fiber exists that there are quite a number of economic benefits occurring through job creation, technology, ecosystems, startups and so on. Im going to talk a little bit about our view of this evolving infrastructure to support the internet of things in cities and then to give some examples and end by talking about some of the structures we put in place to help cities implement internet of things applications. Im going to skip a few of these slides and finish on time here. When we think about internet of things, dana did a wonderful job of laying out benefit cases, use cases, when we think about whats required to support the internet of things, we think about intelligent sensors that are now low cost, we think about local storage. This is something thats evolving as opposed to having to go to distant clouds. We are focused on finding low latency networks. You need these three components to have a smart adaptive network. Sim et trick gigabit means you can create different animals for different elements. Today the infrastructure makes some of these capabilities hard to deliver. There are many router hops between the end user, whether its a Government Agency or a Small Business or homeowner, as many as 15 hops that create latency and applications. So we are looking toward locavore infrastructure. And National Sign foundation has funded a number of efforts around these lines in roughly 55 universities across the country through a program called. We think of it as a city. These are the smart gigabit city characteristics. We do exercises in the forms of hackathons and we are integrating our cities to integrate the cities and deliver the services that daniel so well described. Im going to provide a few other examples. This is sort of the gigabit frontier. This is the data and the amount of time it takes to move that data. We have maybe 140 different applications at various stages of developments, many of country are internet of things applications. The kind of capabilities and characteristics provided by these applications are obviously big data, visual data, exploitation so you can actually see what the big data are saying, virtual reality, very engaging applications, realtime, low latency so theres no relay, extremely reliable networking and very collaborative so you can work across distances. Let me give a few examples. We have been partnering and co hosting with nist, its a focus on applications to deliver city services. I wanted to flip through a few examples and if we have time to take questions. In chattanooga, putting in place 20 sensors that not only track allergies like pollen but also smaller particulates and transfer those to tools like a cell phone so people know where to go and not to go. And theres a project to array of number of sensors to track human activity and weather. This is a Large Consortium of university of chicago and arguon lab but basically will let users where to walk and not to walk in terms of pollution levels but also in terms of safety. As far as down the road looking at peak traffic congestion. This is a massive set of sensors that have been deployed across the city and will be used increasingly. Another example is in portland, intelligent traffic. This is a great case of optimizing traffic and using Predictive Analytics to compare auto traffic versus bus traffic versus pedestrian traffic and looking at the impact of different combinations of those forms of traffic on air quality and congestion. In San Francisco theres a very strong focus on reducing the climate footprint of new buildings. 50 of the buildings 50 of the pollution comes from buildings and theres not been a great platform for owners and developers to understand the impact of their buildings on the climate in San Francisco in this detective, the 2030 district. Theyre focused on making sure that open data is available and can be used by developers to try to minimize their footprint. Wide rover is a wisconsin based Software Company that allows ambulances to communicate directly with Emergency Rooms and prioritizes traffic so doctors in the emergency room can see vital signs for the patients and treat those patients before it gets to the emergency room. Its enabling them to get a head start on the patient treatment before. This is one of our favorite examples, the Sustainable Water solution. In chattanooga, there was a fiber connecting grids. Because the electric power board is able to connect every house and substations through fiber, it has been able to reduce the outages duration by 65 . Whereas in the past a storm would come through and home businesses would be out of electricity for hours, days, weeks, now its usually in the minutes. And you can see theres an electronic map that shows a storm coming through and then automatically the power coming back on. This has been a competitive advantage for chattanooga where they have created 4,000, 5,000 new jobs as a result of the fiber network. And part of it is as a result of companies that want reliable power. The adaptive demand response in smart commercial buildings, both buildings can be optimized and the grid can be pressure can be taken off the grid. This is another great one. This is wifi powered drones, being used to support First Responders. In this case it was a forest fire. You probably saw in the spring there were huge forest fires down there. Drones were enabled with wifi and cameras to help guide firefighter efforts to put out the fires. Just beginning to scratch the surface of these kind of activities. We move more toward education application. This is a great example of what you can do when you have a gigabitconnected network. Professor at usc were teaming Stem High School students biology 2,000 miles away and with a big enough pipe, low enough latency, the students could manipulate a microscope, manipulate that microscope and its taking resources from a big city and taking it to a city thats medium sized and making those kind of Educational Opportunities available for cities across the country. Virtual reality is big. Youve soon it on the cover of time magazine. I think one of the first applications will be in training. Theres a group of Drexel University professors who are training Sustainable Energy workers so workers learning to provide solar and wind. Finally remote advice therapy. One of our professors has created remote physical therapy ability so the Senior Citizens a aging in place can have their physical therapy monitored remotely via gate, balance and other measurement and the physical therapist can adjust the training to meet the requirements seen in the data. I mentioned two case studies,s and a couple of elements make these cities work well in terms of adopting internet of Things Solutions for their residents. One is they have a broadbased Accelerator Group that involves many cities across they have made sure that the infrastructure connects not just businesses and governor offices but also the anchor institutions. They are not afraid to borrow and cooperate from other cities. This is not a competitive marketplace. There are great ideas out there and cities in the u. S. And internationally that can be borrowed for the benefit of u. S. Cities. When google fiber started to come in, they started with the play book, how are we going to take advantage of this new fiber and they began to develop new applications in those areas. So just to wrap up, the characteristics of cities that are given we want to have in place an infrastructure that can grow. Theres an opportunity here to unleash unbelievable creativity with the devices in the hands of developers across the city. And then of course borrow, beg, borrow and steal ideas from other cities or other countries to solve city problems the best way. With that, i will wrap up on time. If we have time for one or two questions, we could do that or mo move on. Whatever you think. Imagine. You mentioned the play book. Is this kind of do you guys put this out or is that available someplace so folks can check . Yeah, if you go the categories are applicable to federal court. If you go to kansas city, you just punch in the play book, you will find their play book for taking advantage of google fiber. In chattanooga, its called moving forward. It all feels like theres a mindset that goes on in place. A mindset that takes place. The mindset and youre exactly right, chris us because in these cities when i talk about a broadbased Accelerator Group, there are usually one or two people who wake up every morning and say we now have this infrastructure in the city that no one else has, we have a head start. Weve got to take advantage of it. So what are we going to do today to take advantage of it . Id say it a restless innovation spirit acknowledging that were in a transformative time in this country and if we dont do this, other chris are going to do it, singapore, korea, amsterdam. Were going to be falling behind. Its a restless longing. The other thing i would say there are developers, often young developers, who know how to do this and who you used to working with the internet and fibers and we have to get them involved. A restless longing. Questions . Thank you so much. Really appreciate it. Thank you very much. Thank you. Joining us is kelly sullivan. Come on up. Everyone keeps saying is its a govloop event. Were working together with connolly events and they did a great job working with us and putting this together. So thank you to connolly works, too. Kelly sullivan is a Program Manager for Information Technology with the u. S. Postal service. You want to walk around or do you want to go up there . Im not micd. Do you want to use this . Im fine. Or theres one up there if you just want to use that one. Were flexible. Were here to make you happy. T