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19 May, 2021 05:00 PM
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How the microwave was invented
The microwave oven is of the all-time great "accidental" discoveries of science. In the 1940s, American engineer Percy Spencer was working at Raytheon Technologies testing an active radar while he
had a chocolate bar in his pocket. At some point, he noticed that the chocolate had melted into his pocket. Rather than merely changing his trousers, he realised the potential to heat food using a high-density electromagnetic field (and presumably also changed his trousers). He first experimented by getting a bag of popcorn, and attempting to heat that. It worked. He pushed his luck and tried to heat an egg, which exploded spectacularly, thus also inventing the "don't put an egg in the microwave" rule. Spencer next worked on putting magnetrons (which create microwave radiation) inside a Faraday cage (which blocks electromagnetic fields). The result was a massive microwave oven – around the size of a fridge – which Raytheon began to sell commercially to restaurants in 1947, at $5000 (around $60,000 today). However, the microwave was not widespread until it was made smaller and cheaper, which wouldn't really happen until the late 1960s or early 1970s.

From the smallest microbe to the mightiest oak, death is as true for above as it is for below, even for the mightiest galaxies.

Our correspondentKARACHI: The Karachiites braved the hottest day on Saturday when the mercury rose to 43.6 degrees Celsius, nearing the 74 year record of April 1947, which was 44.4 C.The Met...

The Met department said the sizzling weather conditions developed due to the influence of dry continental air that followed a westerly disturbance in Pakistan.

It's sizzling: Karachi records hottest day since 1947 as mercury rises to 44°C
Pakistan
People take refuge from harsh weather by laying down on benches below trees. Photo: File
KARACHI:  The Met Office said that Karachi's temperature reached a record breaking point on Saturday after the mercury hit 44°C.
The Met Office said the last time the temperature in Karachi had crossed 44°C was on April 14, 1947.
The Met Office said that the humidity in Karachi was 6% on Saturday. It urged people not to travel between 11am till 4pm due to the heatwave.
The Met Office has predicted that the mercury is likely to drop from Sunday onwards. 

Story highlights
Speaking at a press conference at Geneva on human rights violations in Pakistan and the occupied territory of Jammu and Kashmir, he said UKPNP is opposed to the use of religion as a weapon and terrorism as a foreign policy tool
Shaukat Ali Kashmiri, exiled Chairman of United Kashmir People's National Party (UKPNP) on Saturday (local time) said Pakistan-occupied Kashmir (PoK) and Gilgit Baltistan were a part of the erstwhile princely state of Jammu and Kashmir but have been illegally held by Pakistan since 1947. 
Speaking at a press conference at Geneva on human rights violations in Pakistan and the occupied territory of Jammu and Kashmir, he said UKPNP is opposed to the use of religion as a weapon and terrorism as a foreign policy tool.  

Twentieth Century Kashmir
Khalid Bashir Ahmad
 accesses rare documents to rediscover many people between Allama Iqbal and Sheikh Abdullah to various events from Roti Agitation to the making of National Conference
Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah with some of his colleagues, a year after the 1975 accord. The photograph shows the highest flood level in the background.
For fifty years beginning 1931, Sheikh Mohammad Abdullah ruled the politics of Jammu and Kashmir, both from within and outside of jail as well as within and outside of power. One of the most enigmatic politicians of his time, he was accused of having conflicting views on issues depending on the time and place he was positioned in. He was loved and hated in equal measure by his admirers and adversaries. His politics was known to be pro-India and anti-India at the same time. A considerable period of his political career, over a decade, was spent in jail which he blamed on New Delhi for misunderstanding him. Architect of the constitutional autonomy of Jammu and Kashmir within the framework of the Indian Constitution—the status diluted over the decades and finally scrapped on 5 August 2019 through a Presidential order—Abdullah was a strong opponent of Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s Two-Nation Theory and Jammu and Kashmir joining Pakistan in 1947. Yet, his adversaries within India refused to see in him a pro-India politician. Recently, there have been some overt efforts to, what his supporters feel, dislodge him from the history of Kashmir by withdrawing the annual public holiday on account of his birthday and renaming a police gallantry award named after him.

NEW DELHI: Indian Minister of State for Home said in Lok Sabha on Tuesday that a total of 31,619 displaced families from Azad Jammu and Kashmir got registered after 1947 and of them, 26,319 families...

WASHINGTON, DC – Following America’s disastrous 1930 Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act, the subsequent international trade war, and eventually World War II, the United States went on to lead the world toward a more open multilateral trading system. In 1947, the international community adopted the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, which would later become the World Trade Organization. Under this international body, trade was bound to the rule of law and the principle of non-discrimination among trading partners

A Refugee From Nazi Rule, This Architect Pioneered Efficient Homes in India
When a large number of houses were required to be built after Partition, the country turned to Otto Königsberger.
India Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, housing minister Otto Königsberger, health minister Amrit Kaur and others visit the Housing Factory in 1950. Credit: OZY
History23/Jan/2020
When India and Pakistan split into two countries in 1947, the need to house roughly half a million displaced persons in both countries intensified. With communal violence at its peak and refugees with nowhere to go, the Indian government, under then Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, decided to build homes for the displaced — in the form of low-cost structures that would provide basic shelter for the desperate refugees.

The first short film of web series 'HOME1947' is now out

‘Mistakes were made on both sides. Of this I have no doubt’: Gandhi on Kashmir weeks before he died
On January 4, 1948, while hostilities raged at the frontier and Nehru appealed to the UN for help, Gandhi held a prayer meeting.
On January 4, 1948, less than four weeks before he was shot, Gandhi held a prayer meeting. He had Kashmir on his mind.
A few months earlier, tribal raiders rumoured to be backed by the Pakistan Army had rolled down the mountains into Kashmir’s Baramulla district. As the Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir hurriedly signed an Instrument of Accession with India, the Indian Army sent forces into the Kashmir Valley. Hostilities raged for months in what became the first border war between India and Pakistan, and threatened to turn into a full-blown conflict. On January 1, 1948, Nehru had approached the United Nations for a resolution to the dispute.

breaks the record for the day. most snow chicago's seen, believe it or not, in 2011 on the groundhog day blizzard. a little bit shy for the season, although it's the third snowstorm we've seen thus far, still about four inches below average. >> it's heading to d.c. d.c. has a history of late winter monster storms. >> they do. but this will be -- they only had 1 1/2 inches so far this season. they're 13 inches below this season. it will be the first of the season and before the cherry blossoms come, we'll get a little snow. in 1947, they have 11 1/2 inches. in 1909, they had nine, eight in 1999, so we should get up there, but washington's a really interesting forecast. i'll show you why. here's that area of low pressure. right now chicago winding down. again snow showers, but the bulk of the accumulations are done. the area of low pressure will

breaks the record for the day. most snow chicago's seen, believe it or not, since 2011 on the groundhog day blizzard. a little bit shy for the season, although it's the third snowstorm we've seen thus far, still about four inches below average. >> it's heading to d.c. d.c. has a history of late winter monster storms. >> they do. but this will be -- they only had 1 1/2 inches so far this season. they're 13 inches below this season. it will be the first of the season and before the cherry blossoms come, we'll get a little snow. in 1947, they had 11 1/2 inches. in 1909, they had nine, eight in 1999, so we should get up there, but washington's a really interesting forecast. i'll show you why. here's that area of low pressure. right now chicago winding down. again snow showers, but the bulk of the accumulations are done. the area of low pressure will move east.

winds at about 30 miles per hour. so blowing and drifting of the snow that fell about 6, 7 inches thus far. breaks the record for the day. most snow chicago's seen, believe it or not, in 2011 on the groundhog day blizzard. a little bit shy for the season, although it's the third snowstorm we've seen thus far, still about four inches below average. >> it's heading to d.c. d.c. has a history of late winter monster storms. >> they do. but this will be -- they only had 1 1/2 inches so far this season. they're 13 inches below this season. it will be the first of the season and before the cherry blossoms come, we'll get a little snow. in 1947, they have 11 1/2 inches. in 1909, they had nine, eight in 1999, so we should get up there, but washington's a really interesting forecast. i'll show you why. here's that area of low

a record for the day in chicago. tonight we're going to see these winds at about 30 miles per hour. so blowing and drifting of the snow that fell about 6, 7 inches thus far. breaks the record for the day. most snow chicago's seen, believe it or not, in 2011 on the groundhog day blizzard. a little bit shy for the season, although it's the third snowstorm we've seen thus far, still about four inches below average. >> it's heading to d.c. d.c. has a history of late winter monster storms. >> they do. but this will be -- they only had 1 1/2 inches so far this season. they're 13 inches below this season. it will be the first of the season and before the cherry blossoms come, we'll get a little snow. in 1947, they have 11 1/2 inches. in 1909, they had nine, eight in 1999, so we should get up there, but washington's a really interesting forecast. i'll show you why. here's that area of low pressure. right now chicago winding down. again snow showers, but the bulk