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Dorothy Vaughan, née Dorothy Johnson, (born September 20, 1910, Kansas City, Missouri, U.S.—died November 10, 2008, Hampton, Virginia), American mathematician and computer programmer who made important contributions to the early years of the U.S. space program and who was the first African American manager at the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), which later became part of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). In 1917 Johnson’s family moved from Missouri to West Virginia. She later earned a degree in mathematics (1929) from Wilberforce University nea...

The history of the United States space program was molded in part by the many women who have not only been launched into orbit aboard spacecraft, but who have