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First the treats, then the tough stuff: A bacterial dinner plan for degrading algal blooms

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IMAGE: Seasonal blooms of tiny algae play an important role in marine carbon cycling. Now a new detail of the surrounding mysteries has been uncovered.
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Credit: Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology / G. Reintjes
The annually occurring algal spring blooms play an important role for our climate, as they remove large amounts of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. However, they are an ephemeral phenomenon. Most of the carbon is released into the water once the algae die. There, bacteria are already waiting to finish them off and consume the algal remains.
Previous studies have shown that in these blooms, different algae can come out on top each year. However, within the bacteria subsequently degrading the algae, the same specialised groups prevail year after year. Apparently not the algae themselves but rather their components - above all chains of sugar molecules, the so-called polysaccharides - determine which bacteria will t ....

North Sea , Oceans General , Rudolf Amann , Ben Francis , University Of Bremen , University Of Greifswald , Marine Environmental Sciences , Max Planck Institute For Marine Microbiology , Max Planck Institute , Marine Microbiology , Climate Science , Ecology Environment , Marine Freshwater Biology , Molecular Biology , வடக்கு கடல் , பெருங்கடல்கள் ஜநரல் , ருடால்ப் அமன் , பென் பிரான்சிஸ் , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் ப்ரெமன் , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் க்ரீஃப்ஸ்‌வால்ட் , கடல் சுற்றுச்சூழல் அறிவியல் , கடல் நுண்ணுயிரியல் , காலநிலை அறிவியல் , சூழலியல் சூழல் , கடல் நன்னீர் உயிரியல் , மூலக்கூறு உயிரியல் ,

Unveiling the cause of onion center rot

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IMAGE: Pantaphos, which is produced by the plant pathogen Pantoea ananatis, is responsible for causing onion center rot.
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Credit: Alex Polidore
Since 1983, the bacteria Pantoea ananatis has been known to infect several important crops including onions, rice, and corn. It was unclear, however, what molecules were involved. A new study, published in
mBio, has identified one of the culprits: pantaphos. Intriguingly, the researchers have discovered that pantaphos can also act as an herbicide and it is toxic to glioblastoma cells, making it an exciting candidate for agricultural and biomedical applications.
Herbicide resistant weeds are an issue in agriculture, said William Metcalf (MMG leader), a professor of microbiology. Unfortunately, there hasn t been a new class of herbicide for over 30 years. If we can understand how pantaphos causes onion rot, we can solve a big problem. ....

Alexander Polidore , Scientists At Cornell University , Hallmark Lesions Of Onion Center Rot , National Institutes Of Health , William Metcalf , Cornell University , Phosphonate Natural Product Made , Hallmark Lesions , Ionion Center , National Institutes , Fertilizers Pest Management , Food Science , Plant Sciences , Molecular Biology , அலெக்சாண்டர் போழிதோரெ , விஞ்ஞானிகள் இல் கார்னெல் பல்கலைக்கழகம் , தேசிய நிறுவனங்கள் ஆஃப் ஆரோக்கியம் , வில்லியம் மெட்‌க்யாஃப் , கார்னெல் பல்கலைக்கழகம் , வெங்காயம் மையம் , தேசிய நிறுவனங்கள் , உரங்கள் பூச்சி மேலாண்மை , உணவு அறிவியல் , ஆலை அறிவியல் , உயிர் வேதியியல் , மூலக்கூறு உயிரியல் ,

Food security: Irradiation and essential oil vapors for cereal treatment

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IMAGE: INRS Professor Monique Lacroix is an expert in sciences applied to food, such as irradiation.
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Credit: Christian Fleury (INRS)
A combined treatment of irradiation and essential oil vapors could effectively destroy insects, bacteria and mold in stored grains. A team from the Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), led by Professor Monique Lacroix, has demonstrated the effect of this process on insects affecting rice. The study was published in the
Microorganisms and insects are the main enemies of stored grains. Currently, the food industry uses fumigants to destroy them. However, these compounds, which evaporate or decompose into gases into air or water, are threatening human health and the environment. When grain is fumigated, a small amount of gas is absorbed by the grain and released into the atmosphere. For food irradiation, the treatment is physical. If new molecules are produced, they are no different ....

Farah Hossain , Tofa Begum , Armand Frappier Sant , Terre Environnement , Stephane Salmieri , Monique Lacroix , Peter Follett , Engineering Research Council Of Canada , Natural Sciences , United States Department Of Agriculture , Professor Monique Lacroix , Radiation Physics , Professor Monique , Shiv Shankar , Engineering Research Council , United States Department , Quebec City , Eau Terre Environnement , Urbanisation Culture Soci , Agricultural Production Economics , Fertilizers Pest Management , Food Science , Molecular Biology , Chemistry Physics Materials Sciences , Atomic Physics , ஃபரா ஹொசைன் ,

Periodontitis: Researchers search for a new active substance

Targeted, efficient and with few side effects: A new method for combating periodontitis could render the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics superfluous. It was developed and tested for the first time by a team from Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg (MLU), the Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology IZI and Periotrap Pharmaceuticals GmbH. The aim is to neutralise only bacteria that cause periodontitis while sparing harmless bacteria. The study appeared in the ....

Miltont Stubbs , Mirko Buchholz , Periotrap Pharmaceuticals Gmb , Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg , Jagiellonian University In Krakow , World Health Organization , Periotrap Pharmaceuticals , Fraunhofer Institute For Cell Therapy , University Of Bern , Department Of Drug Design , Oral Health Study , University Of Louisville , Fraunhofer Institute , Cell Therapy , Health Study , Professor Milton , Drug Design , Target Validation , Dental Medicine , Jagiellonian University , United States , Biological Chemistry , Chemistry Physics Materials Sciences , Medicine Health , Dentistry Periodontal Disease , மிற்கோ புச்சோல்ஸ் ,

Common bacteria modified to make designer sugar-based drug

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Credit: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
TROY, N.Y. Envisioning an animal-free drug supply, scientists have for the first time reprogrammed a common bacterium to make a designer polysaccharide molecule used in pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. Published today in
Nature Communications, the researchers modified E. coli to produce chondroitin sulfate, a drug best known as a dietary supplement to treat arthritis that is currently sourced from cow trachea.
Genetically engineered E. coli is used to make a long list of medicinal proteins, but it took years to coax the bacteria into producing even the simplest in this class of linked sugar molecules called sulfated glycosaminoglycans that are often used as drugs and nutraceuticals.. ....

Jonathan Dordick , Robert Linhardt , Asher Williams , Abinaya Badri , Payel Datta , Adeola Awofiranye , Deepak Vashishth , Mattheos Koffas , Keith Fraser , Nature Communications , Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , National Science Foundation Grant , Rensselaer Polytechnic , Biomedical Environmental Chemical Engineering , Medicine Health , Pharmaceutical Science , ராபர்ட் லின்ஹார்ட் , ஆஷர் வில்லியம்ஸ் , அபினய பேத்ரி , பாயேல் தத்தா , தீபக் வஷிஷ்ட் , கேய்ட் ஃப்ரேசர் , இயற்கை தகவல்தொடர்புகள் , ரென்சீலர் பாலிடெக்நிக் நிறுவனம் , தேசிய அறிவியல் அடித்தளம் மானியம் , ரென்சீலர் பாலிடெக்நிக் ,