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Sam Knight on how an October cyberattack has incapacitated the British Library, with effects that have spread beyond researchers and book lovers.

On the eve of her execution, Mary wrote a last message to French king, which scholars believe she used elaborate skill to secure

The clever folds that kept letters secret By Richard Fisher17th June 2021 Hundreds of years ago, people developed ingenious methods to secure their letters from prying eyes – and they did it with only paper, adhesive and folds. L Late at night on 8 February 1587, an imprisoned Mary Queen of Scots composed her last ever letter to her brother-in-law. "Tonight, after dinner, I have been advised of my sentence: I am to be executed like a criminal at eight in the morning," she wrote. "The Catholic faith and the assertion of my God-given right to the English crown are the two issues on which I am...

Scientific American In the centuries before envelopes, “letterlocking” secured a message’s information Print Computer-generated unfolding animation of a sealed letter from 17th-century Europe. The physical letter itself has never been opened. Credit: Unlocking History Research Group Advertisement In 1697 a legal professional in the French city of Lille wrote to his cousin in the Netherlands to request a relative’s death certificate, possibly in order to finalize an inheritance. He folded and sealed his mundane missive so it would hold together without an envelope and mailed it off to ...

Loading video... VIDEO: Computer-generated unfolding animation of sealed letter DB-1538. In our paper we describe how "virtual unfolding " was used to read the contents of sealed letterpackets from 17th-century Europe without physically opening... view more  Credit: Courtesy of the Unlocking History Research Group archive. In a world first, an international team of researchers has read an unopened letter from Renaissance Europe - without breaking its seal or damaging it in any way. The research, published in Nature Communications, describes how an X-ray scanner used in dental resear...