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Philo, Herod, Paul, and the Many Gods of Ancient Jewish “Monotheism” - Volume 115 Issue 1

The Atlantic In late antiquity, the religion split the Mediterranean world in two. Now it is remaking the Continent. Europe was essentially defined by Islam. And Islam is redefining it now. For centuries in early and middle antiquity, Europe meant the world surrounding the Mediterranean, or Mare Nostrum (“Our Sea”), as the Romans famously called it. It included North Africa. Indeed, early in the fifth century A.D., when Saint Augustine lived in what is today Algeria, North Africa was as much a center of Christianity as Italy or Greece. But the swift advance of Islam across North Africa ...

by Tom Holland, Basic Books, 2019. 624 Pages.  A #1 Christian church history book on Amazon. The only recorded encounter of Jesus with Greeks was shortly before His crucifixion. As John 12:20, 21 tells us, some Greeks asked through Philip to see Jesus. We are not told why or what they asked Him, but verses 23-25 says, “Jesus replied, ‘The hour has come for the Son of Man to be glorified. Very truly I tell you, unless a kernel of wheat falls to the ground and dies, it remains only a single seed. But if it dies, it produces many seeds” (NIV) 1 and added in verses 31, 32: “Now is the ti...