France, Cyber Operations and Sovereignty: The 'Purist' Approach to Sovereignty and Contradictory State Practice
France, Cyber Operations and Sovereignty: The ‘Purist’ Approach to Sovereignty and Contradictory State Practice French President Emmanuel Macron speaks at an event in 2017. (Jaques Pacquier, https://flic.kr/p/2frCTie; CC BY 2.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/) In the context of cyber operations, there is a debate between those who consider sovereignty to be an underlying principle of international law from which other primary rules emanate, and those who consider it to be a primary rule of customary international law that can be violated by cyber operations resulting in an i...