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Study implicates disruption in prenatal neurogenesis in the development of ASDs


Study implicates disruption in prenatal neurogenesis in the development of ASDs
A new study of autism risk genes by UC San Francisco and UC Berkeley scientists implicates disruption in prenatal neurogenesis - a process in which specialized progenitor cells give rise to new brain cells - in the development of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). The study also shows that estrogen, perhaps in a form produced within brain cells, can protect against this disruption and steer the brain on a normal course of development.
The most striking findings in the study, published on January 25, 2021 in
Neuron, were derived from experiments using embryos of the western clawed frog (Xenopus tropicalis), a species prized by biologists for the unique insights it offers into development. Human genes involved in development have counterparts with similar functions in Xenopus, and extensive studies correlating human embryonic stages with those of the frog mean that genetic studies in Xenopu ....

Jeremy Willsey , Helen Rankin Willsey , Richard Harland , Helen Willsey , Emily Henderson , Institute For Neurodegenerative Diseases , Behavioral Sciences , Department Of Psychiatry , Weill Institute For Neurosciences , Weill Institute , Oberndorf Family Distinguished Professor , Distinguished Professor , Neurodegenerative Diseases , Rankin Willsey , Developmental Biology , Mental Health , ரிச்சர்ட் ஹார்‌ல்யாஂட் , எமிலி ஹென்டர்சன் , நடத்தை அறிவியல் , துறை ஆஃப் மனநல மருத்துவம் , வெயில் நிறுவனம் க்கு நரம்பியல் , வெயில் நிறுவனம் , ஓபேர்ந்தோற்ப் குடும்பம் புகழ்பெற்ற ப்ரொஃபெஸர் , புகழ்பெற்ற ப்ரொஃபெஸர் , மன இறுக்கம் , வளர்ச்சி உயிரியல் ,

Study identifies major flaws in iBMEC-based models of the blood-brain barrier


Study identifies major flaws in iBMEC-based models of the blood-brain barrier
A type of cell derived from human stem cells that has been widely used for brain research and drug development may have been leading researchers astray for years, according to a study from scientists at Weill Cornell Medicine and Columbia University Irving Medical Center.
The cell, known as an induced Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell (iBMEC), was first described by other researchers in 2012, and has been used to model the special lining of capillaries in the brain that is called the blood-brain barrier.
Many brain diseases, including brain cancers as well as degenerative and genetic disorders, could be much more treatable if researchers could get drugs across this barrier. For that and other reasons, iBMEC-based models of the barrier have been embraced as an important standard tool in brain research. ....

Tyler Lu , Ronaldo Perelman , David Redmond , Emily Henderson , Columbia University Irving Medical Center , Claudia Cohen Center , Research Specialist , Proceedings Of The National Academy Sciences , Ansary Stem Cell Institute , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , Weill Cornell Medicine , Columbia University Irving Medical , Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell , National Academy , Regenerative Medicine , Weill Cornell , Reproductive Medicine , Study First , Endothelial Cell , Gene Expression , Stem Cells , Transcription Factors , டைலர் லு , ரொனள்டோ பெரல்மேன் , டேவிட் ரெட்மண்ட் , எமிலி ஹென்டர்சன் ,