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Successful elimination of falciparum malaria following the introduction of community-based health workers in Eastern Myanmar: A retrospective analysis

In this retrospective analysis, Aye Sandar Zaw and colleagues report the successful elimination of falciparum malaria following the introduction of community-based health workers in Eastern Myanmar ....

South Korea , United States , Jamesg Beeson , Rdts Alere , Oxford Tropical Research Ethics Committee Ox , Wellcome Trust Grant , World Health Organization , Burnet Institute , Department Of Health , Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Programme , Department Of Health Do , Global Fund , Mekong Malaria Elimination Programme , National Malaria Control Programme , Greater Mekong , East Myanmar , Medical Action Myanmar , Eastern Myanmar , Creative Commons Attribution License , Medical Action , Wellcome Trust , Author Accepted Manuscript , Greater Mekong Subregion , World Health , Malaria Elimination Programme , Action Myanmar ,

Implications of reducing antibiotic treatment duration for antimicrobial resistance in hospital settings: A modelling study and meta-analysis

Author summary Why was this study done? Shortening antibiotic treatment duration is a commonly adopted antibiotic stewardship strategy, with the expectation that it will reduce antimicrobial resistance in treated individuals and in the overall population. Antibiotic selective pressure acts predominantly on “bystander” colonising bacteria for resistance, and this depends on the spectrum of coverage, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of individual antibiotics. Empirical evidence and an understanding of the mechanisms by which antibiotic treatment duration effects the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance are lacking. Understanding the key factors driving the effect of antibiotic treatment duration on resistance carriage will help to inform future research study designs, antimicrobial stewardship interventions, and resource allocation in multimodal control strategies. What did the researchers do and find? We modelled within- and between-host dynam ....

United Kingdom , Ricardo Sempedro , Jiraboon Tosanguan , Anastasia Hernandez Koutoucheva , Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Programme , Singapore National Medical Research Council Fellowship , United Kingdom Medical Research Council , Creative Commons Attribution License , Wellcome Trust , Antibiotic Resistance , Antimicrobial Resistance , Gram Negative Bacteria , Medical Risk Factors , Systematic Reviews , Gut Bacteria ,