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Caught speeding: Clocking the fastest-spinning brown dwarfs


Gemini North observations help identify rotational speed limit for brown dwarfs
Three brown dwarfs, often called failed stars, are spinning faster than any others.
April 19, 2021
Astronomers have discovered the most rapidly rotating brown dwarfs three brown dwarfs that each complete a full rotation roughly once every hour. The rate is so extreme that if they rotated any faster, they could come close to tearing apart.
Brown dwarfs are, simply put, failed stars. They form like stars but are less massive and more like giant planets.
Astronomers first measured the rotation speeds of these brown dwarfs using the Spitzer Space Telescope and confirmed them with follow-up observations with the Gemini North telescope on Maunakea in Hawaii and the Magellan Baade telescope in Chile. Gemini North is one of the pair of telescopes that make up the international Gemini Observatory, a program of  NSF s NOIRLab. ....

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Weather surveillance radar data shows 45 million insects taking flight over brightly lit city


Analyzing weather surveillance radar data in June and July 2019, Tielens and colleagues found that some 45 million grasshoppers a biblical plague took flight during the peak time, concentrating over city lighting such as the Las Vegas strip. The researchers also found daily movement cycles of ascent at dusk toward lit urban areas.
This study is novel, Tielens said, because the effects of artificial lights at night on insects at large scales have not been documented in a quantitative way. It shows how insects are interacting with the landscape, including with human-made environments. Since people continue to influence the environment, it s important to understand the effects of artificial light on insect populations, the researchers said. The knowledge can help scientists conserve the diverse world of insects, as well as manage important pest species. ....

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