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The End of ‘Whig’ History and the Twilight of Nations Commentary  From the 17th to the 20th century, “Whigs” shaped an Anglo-American culture based on the universal principles of the European Enlightenment—individual liberty, free speech, property rights, rule of law, free enterprise, and democratic governance. “Whig” histories were affirmative accounts of national origins that celebrated a progression from troubled or divided beginnings to more just and democratic stages of shared civic development. Whig historians told stories of people and institutions that strived to become...

This work offers an account of the heroes and villains, legends and foibles of the four nations that inhabit the British Isles. Raphael Samuel is interested by the face that traditions can disappear no less abruptly than they were invented. How is it, he asks, that the Scots have lost interest in a British narrative of which they were once a central protagonist? Why is the celebration of "Britons" thriving today just as its object has become problematic? The book conveys the mutability of national conceits. Samuels calls as witness numerous authorities - Bede and Gerald of Barri, Macaulay and...

Gabriel Pearson was instrumental in the creation of what became the New Left Review CasparPearson Tue 6 Apr 2021 13.29 EDT Last modified on Tue 6 Apr 2021 13.31 EDT My father, Gabriel Pearson, who has died aged 88, was a scholar, critic and teacher of literature. He spent most of his career at the University of Essex, joining its newly established department of literature in 1965. Even after his formal retirement in 1995, he kept up various part-time roles at Essex, eventually stopping work in 2009, when he became an emeritus professor. He was born into a Polish-Jewish family in the west end ...

"La Piéta des Roms," by Johann Walter Bantz/Unsplash In 2019 a businessman in India named Raphael Samuel filed suit against his own parents. The plaintiff’s complaint? His parents brought him into this world without his consent. The sheer immensity of life’s suffering, Mr. Samuel argued, makes any parental decision to bring children into this world nothing short of a cruel imposition, equivalent to kidnapping or slavery. While Mr. Samuel did not expect his case to go very far (both his parents are lawyers), his goal was accomplished simply by spreading awareness of the worldview undergir...

Kiwiana stamps issued in 1994 by NZPO. OPINION: What's with those jandals, hokey pokey ice-creams, buzzy bees, Swanndris and gumboots? Far from being random and unrelated objects, these icons of so-called Kiwiana tell a story of late 20th-century nostalgia at a moment of rapid social transformation. Definitions of Kiwiana vary and the term is widely applied to objects, expressions and pastimes that evoke a sense of national identity. But, as sociologist Claudia Bell has argued, it's an identity where Pākehā culture is dominant. When including Indigenous content, Kiwiana has occupied a la...