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Frontiers | Brain Differences Between Men and Women: Evidence From Deep Learning

2Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
3Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
Do men and women have different brains? Previous neuroimage studies sought to answer this question based on morphological difference between specific brain regions, reporting unfortunately conflicting results. In the present study, we aim to use a deep learning technique to address this challenge based on a large open-access, diffusion MRI database recorded from 1,065 young healthy subjects, including 490 men and 575 women healthy subjects. Different from commonly used 2D Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), we proposed a 3D CNN method with a newly designed structure including three hidden layers in cascade with a linear layer and a terminal Softmax layer. The proposed 3D CNN was applied to the maps of factional anisotropy (FA) in the whole-brain as ....

Hunan Province , San Diego , United States , United Kingdom , South Korea , City Of , Brainnetome Atlas , Atlas Mori , Tensorflow Abadi , Van Essen , International Conference On Learning Representations San Diego , Northwestern University Clinical , China Postdoctoral Science Foundation , Dixon Translational Research Grants Initiative , Northwestern Memorial Foundation , Translational Sciences , Elsevier Academic , International Conference On Machine , Natural Science Foundation Of Hunan Province , International Conference On Machine Learning , Neural Networks , Tract Based Spatial Statistics , Human Connectome Project , Batch Normalization , Adam Gradient Decent , Adam Gradient Descent ,

Air pollution linked to high blood pressure in children; other studies address air quality and heart

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American Heart Association
Research Highlights:
A meta-analysis of 14 air pollution studies from around the world found that exposure to high levels of air pollutants during childhood increases the likelihood of high blood pressure in children and adolescents, and the risk of hypertension later in life.
A special publication on air pollution features several studies focused on the relationship between ambient air pollution with cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension.
Other studies cover exposure to diesel exhaust, ambient air pollution and particulate matter and how it affects blood pressure, heart failure admissions and risk of stroke and heart attack. ....

United States , Hunan Province , City Of , United Kingdom , Miao Huang , Syao Lu , Yiping Yang , Zhijun Huang , Jingyuan Chen , King College London , American Heart Association , National Natural Science Foundation Of China , Clinical Research Center , Third Xiangya Hospital At Central South University , Journal Of The American Heart Association , Natural Science Foundation Of Hunan Province , Research Highlights , American Heart , Third Xiangya Hospital , Central South University , National Natural Science Foundation , Hunan Youth Talent Project , Natural Science Foundation , Fundamental Research Funds , Central Universities , Central South ,