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Superoxide produced in the cochlea of inner ears causes acquired hearing loss


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IMAGE: The top image is a cross-section of the organ of Corti from a 12-month-old mouse (homozygous Nox3-Cre+/+;tdTomato) and the bottom image is an illustration of this. Red fluorescent proteins (tdTomato),.
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Credit: Takehiko Ueyama
Professor UEYAMA Takehiko (Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University) and the inner ear research group (Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine) have identified the cell types in the inner ear cochlea (
1) responsible for the production of superoxide (Nox3
2-expressing cells). They achieved this by using genetically modified mice that they developed. The researchers discovered that these superoxide-producing cells increase in number in response to aging, noise damage, and ototoxic drugs, thus causing age-related, noise-induced and drug-induced hearing loss. In addition, they were able to suppress the onset of these three types of acquired hearing loss in genetically modified mice with no Nox3 exp ....

Shigeru Hirano , Yuzuru Ninoyu , Hirofumi Sakaguchi , Hiroaki Mohri , Naoaki Saito , Takehiko Ueyama , Alfonso Corti , Japan Foundation For Applied Enzymology , Technology Association , Research Methodology , World Health Organization , Terumo Life Science Foundation , Takehiko Biosignal Research Center , Kobe University , Society For Neuroscience Journal Of On , Kyoto Prefectural University Of Medicine , Naito Foundation , Research Background , Japan Society For The Promotion Of Science , Uehara Memorial Foundation , Biosignal Research Center , Kyoto Prefectural University , Hyogo Science , Japan Foundation , Applied Enzymology , Terumo Life Science ,

Study dives deeper into genetic differences between modern and archaic humans


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Study dives deeper into genetic differences between modern and archaic humans
Researchers examined 14,000 genetic differences between modern humans and our most recent ancestors at a new level of detail. They found that differences in gene activation – not just genetic code – could underlie evolution of the brain and vocal tract.
By Taylor Kubota
A genome by itself is like a recipe without a chef – full of important information, but in need of interpretation. So, even though we have sequenced genomes of our nearest extinct relatives – the Neanderthals and the Denisovans – there remain many unknowns regarding how differences in our genomes actually lead to differences in physical traits. ....

Stanford University , United States , San Francisco , Hunter Fraser , David Gokhman , Dmitri Petrov , Stanford Bio , Nadav Ahituv , Carly Weiss , Lana Harshman , Fumitaka Inoue , Taylor Kubota , University Of California , Stanford Center , Stanford Woods Institute For The Environment , School Of Humanities , National Institute Of Mental Health , Stanford Cancer Institute , National Human Genome Research Institute , Maternal Child Health Research Institute , Uehara Memorial Foundation , Kevin Douglas Professor , Stanford Bio X , Child Health Research Institute , Stanford Cancer , Stanford Woods Institute ,