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Activity flow underlying abnormalities in brain activations and cognition in schizophrenia


Abstract
Cognitive dysfunction is a core feature of many brain disorders, including schizophrenia (SZ), and has been linked to aberrant brain activations. However, it is unclear how these activation abnormalities emerge. We propose that aberrant flow of brain activity across functional connectivity (FC) pathways leads to altered activations that produce cognitive dysfunction in SZ. We tested this hypothesis using activity flow mapping, an approach that models the movement of task-related activity between brain regions as a function of FC. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging data from SZ individuals and healthy controls during a working memory task, we found that activity flow models accurately predict aberrant cognitive activations across multiple brain networks. Within the same framework, we simulated a connectivity-based clinical intervention, predicting specific treatments that normalized brain activations and behavior in patients. Our results suggest that dysfuncti ....

United States , Los Angeles , Los Angeles County , New Jersey , Yale University , University Of California , Consortium For Neuropsychiatric Phenomics , Slovenian Research Agency , Australian Government National Health , Blackthorn Therapeutics Inc , Research Council Emerging Leader , Los Angeles County Department Of Mental Health , University Of New Jersey , Ahmanson Lovelace Brain Mapping Center Siemens , Staglin Center , Office Of Advanced Research Computing , Technology Advisory Board , Neuropsychiatric Phenomics , Human Connectome Project , Statistical Manual , Mental Disorders , Fourth Edition Text Revision , Structured Clinical Interview , Institutional Review Boards , Los Angeles County Department , Siemens Trio ,

Autism develops differently in girls than boys, new research suggests


Autism develops differently in girls than boys, new research suggests
Published Tuesday, Apr. 20, 2021, 8:24 pm
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New research has shed light on how autism-spectrum disorder manifests in the brains of girls, prompting the scientists to warn that conclusions drawn from studies conducted primarily in boys should not be assumed to hold true for girls.
The researchers discovered that there is a significant difference in the genes and “genetic burden” that underpin the condition in girls and boys. They also identified specific ways the brains of girls with ASD respond differently to social cues such as facial expressions and gestures than do those of girls without ASD. ....

United States , Curry School , Raphaela Bernier , Kevin Pelphrey , Abhar Gupta , Johnd Van Horn , Jeffrey Eilbott , George Mason , Los Angeles , Elizabeth Aylward , Jamesc Mcpartland , Mirella Dapretto , Allison Jack , Charlesa Nelson , Saraj Webb , Zachary Jacokes , Carinnam Torgerson , Catherineaw Sullivan , Susany Bookheimer , Kevina Pelphrey , Danielh Geschwind , Nadine Gaab , Janssen Research , Children National , University Of California , Department Of Psychology ,

Study sheds light on how autism manifests in the brains of girls


Study sheds light on how autism manifests in the brains of girls
New research has shed light on how autism-spectrum disorder (ASD) manifests in the brains of girls, prompting the scientists to warn that conclusions drawn from studies conducted primarily in boys should not be assumed to hold true for girls.
The researchers discovered that there is a significant difference in the genes and genetic burden that underpin the condition in girls and boys. They also identified specific ways the brains of girls with ASD respond differently to social cues such as facial expressions and gestures than do those of girls without ASD. ....

United States , Curry School , Raphaela Bernier , Kevin Pelphrey , Abhar Gupta , Johnd Van Horn , Jeffrey Eilbott , Emily Henderson , George Mason , Los Angeles , Elizabeth Aylward , Jamesc Mcpartland , Mirella Dapretto , Allison Jack , Charlesa Nelson , Saraj Webb , Zachary Jacokes , Carinnam Torgerson , Catherineaw Sullivan , Kevina Pelphrey , Susany Bookheimer , Danielh Geschwind , Nadine Gaab , Janssen Research , Children National , University Of California ,