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Q: What is the significance of the NANUs provided by GPS and the similar alerts provided by other GNSS constellations? Are they needed for the use of these systems, and if not, how are they helpful?


SAM PULLEN, Stanford University
A: Since at least 1997, the Global Positioning System (GPS) Control Segment (CS) has issued what are known as “Notice Advisor(ies) to NAVSTAR Users” or “NANU(s).”
As originally reported in Section 3.5 of the 2001 version of the GPS SPS Performance Standard (GPS SPS PS), these provide “notification of changes in constellation operational status that affect the service being provided to GPS users, or if the U.S. Government anticipates a problem in supporting performance standards established in this document.”
The most recent 5th Edition of the GPS SPS PS [2] explains that a key purpose of NANUs is to alert GPS users of foreseeable future GPS satellite outages so that users are not surprised by them and potentially lose continuity. Specifically, Section 2.3.5 of [2] states the following: ....

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How can the parameters given in the most recent GPS Standard Positioning Service (SPS) Performance Standard (SPS PS) be used to quantify the performance of GPS applications?


The value of the GPS SPS PS goes far beyond the specific parameters that it contains. It has a great deal of information regarding how GPS operates and ideally should be read in full (including the appendices) by everyone who works with GPS at the measurement level.
This column reviews the information in the latest SPS PS and shows how it improves the performance of GPS applications. Since this information is used in real time to generate error bounds at high probabilities (“protection levels”) for applications with demanding integrity and continuity requirements, it also discusses the origin of these parameters and the level of reliance that can be placed on them. ....

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