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Making Plastic Truly Biodegradable


 
A melt-extruded PCL (polycaprolactone) plastic filament (left) with embedded nanoclusters of the enzyme lipase enshrouded with RHP degraded nearly completely into small molecules within 36 hours in warm (104 F) water. Credit: Christopher DelRe, UC Berkeley.
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Biodegradable plastics have been advertised as one solution to the plastic pollution problem bedeviling the world, but today s compostable plastic bags, utensils and cup lids don t break down during typical composting and contaminate other recyclable plastics, creating headaches for recyclers. Most compostable plastics, made primarily of the polyester known as polylactic acid, or PLA, end up in landfills and last as long as forever plastics. ....

United States , Stephanie Mcelhinny , Aaron Hall , University Of California , Army Research Office , Department Of Defense Army Research Office , Combat Capabilities Development Command , Army Research , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , ஆரோன் மண்டபம் , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் கலிஃபோர்னியா , இராணுவம் ஆராய்ச்சி அலுவலகம் , துறை ஆஃப் பாதுகாப்பு இராணுவம் ஆராய்ச்சி அலுவலகம் , இராணுவம் ஆராய்ச்சி ,

New process makes 'biodegradable' plastics truly compostable


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IMAGE: A modified plastic (left) breaks down after just three days in standard compost (right) and entirely after two weeks.
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Credit: Christopher DelRe, UC Berkeley
Biodegradable plastics have been advertised as one solution to the plastic pollution problem bedeviling the world, but today s compostable plastic bags, utensils and cup lids don t break down during typical composting and contaminate other recyclable plastics, creating headaches for recyclers. Most compostable plastics, made primarily of the polyester known as polylactic acid, or PLA, end up in landfills and last as long as forever plastics.
University of California, Berkeley, scientists have now invented a way to make these compostable plastics break down more easily, with just heat and water, within a few weeks, solving a problem that has flummoxed the plastics industry and environmentalists. ....

United States , Corinne Scown , Stephanie Mcelhinny , Le Ma , Zhiyuan Ruan , Aaron Hall , Ivan Jayapurna , Thomas Russell , Christopher Delre , Tim Li , Kyle Zolkin , Yufeng Jiang , Robert Ritchie , Junpyo Kwon , Philjun Kang , University Of Massachusetts , University Of California , Army Research Office , Department Of Defense Army Research Office , Berkeley Lab , Us Department Of Energy , Combat Capabilities Development Command , Army Research , Bakar Fellowship , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , லெ மா ,

Cell 'bones' mystery solved with supercomputers


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VIDEO: Subunits B (blue), B-1 (cyan), and B-2 (gray) depicted as ribbon diagrams. Initially bound to B-1, subunit B unflattens, straining contact between subunits until they separate. The resulting loose lateral.
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Credit: Vilmos Zsolnay, University of Chicago.
Our cells are filled with bones, in a sense. Thin, flexible protein strands called actin filaments help support and move around the bulk of the cells of eukaryotes, which includes all plants and animals. Always on the go, actin filaments constantly grow, shrink, bind with other things, and branch off when cells move.
Supercomputer simulations have helped solve the mystery of how actin filaments polymerize, or chain together. This fundamental research could be applied to treatments to stop cancer spread, develop self-healing materials, and more. ....

United States , Gregory Voth , Stevenz Chou , Gregorya Voth , Vilmos Zsolnay , Thomasd Pollard , Harshwardhanh Katkar , Haigp Papazian Distinguished Service Professor , Yale University , Texas Advanced Computing Center , Multidisciplinary Research Initiative Grant , Department Of Biophysical Sciences , Proceedings Of The National Academy Sciences , University Of Chicago , Department Of Defense Army Research Office , University Of Chicago Research Computing Center , Voth Group , National Institute , National Academy , Biophysical Sciences , Distinguished Service Professor , Chicago Research Computing , Extreme Science , Engineering Discovery Environment , Texas Advanced Computing , Defense Army Research Office ,