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Horny toads are disappearing. Can they be saved?


The Horned Lizard Conservation Society, a nonprofit that sponsors scientific research on the critters, started in 1991. Speaking at one of its first meetings was Wade Sherbrooke, the former director of the Southwest Research Station of the American Museum of Natural History in Arizona. He was moved by people’s passion about the creatures he’d studied for more than 40 years.
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“Some old rancher would get up and say, ‘We
had horny toads and we should have them again! Ice cream cones and horny toads, that’s what life’s all about!’” he recalled.
But the lizard’s decline,
he said, is just one tragic example of the damage humans have inflicted on this ever-warming planet. ....

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Study of virus in fruit flies points to the repeatability of evolution


Tue, 03/02/2021
LAWRENCE A new study in the journal eLife from researchers at the University of Kansas Department of Molecular Biosciences reveals that virus variants in fruit fly (Drosophila) populations separated by hundreds of miles have been evolving along a strikingly similar path.
“Drosophila is a 120-year-old model system for understanding all sorts of different things genetics, in particular,” said co-author Robert Unckless, assistant professor of molecular biosciences. “The idea was that in each of these isolated populations, host-virus co-evolution can happen somewhat independently.”
Using rotten mushrooms, the KU investigators captured fruit flies (Drosophila innubila) in Arizona on three isolated “sky islands” mountains that rise from the desert to form lush, isolated forest ecosystems. Then, they sequenced the genomes of hundreds of these individual fruit flies to confirm the populations were evolving with minimal-to-no gene flow between ....

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