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Blind man has sight partly restored after pioneering treatment

Last modified on Tue 25 May 2021 00.08 EDT
A blind man has had his sight partly restored after a form of gene therapy that uses pulses of light to control the activity of nerve cells – the first successful demonstration of so-called optogenetic therapy in humans.
The 58-year-old man, from Brittany in northern France, was said to be “very excited” after regaining the ability to recognise, count, locate and touch different objects with the treated eye while wearing a pair of light-stimulating goggles, having lost his sight after being diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa almost 40 years ago.
The breakthrough marks an important step towards the more widespread use of optogenetics as a clinical treatment. It involves modifying nerve cells (neurons) so that they fire electrical signals when they’re exposed to certain wavelengths of light, equipping neuroscientists with the power to precisely control neuronal signalling within the brain and elsewhere. ....

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Study uses eel-like protein to control brain

Study uses eel-like protein to control brain
ANI |
Updated: May 12, 2021 16:20 IST
Washington [US], May 12 (ANI): During a recent study, researchers looking to help people suffering from addiction, depression, and pain studied how certain brain neurons operate to see if they can be controlled.
In a paper published in the journal Neuron, researchers at the University of Washington School of Medicine and Washington University in St. Louis, along with several other universities, successfully used a protein called parapinopsin to turn off brain circuits.
This protein is found in lamprey - an ancient lineage of jawless fish similar to eel. Researchers said the ability to inhibit neurons could eventually lead to turning off mood disorders and unwanted behaviors like depression and addiction. ....

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Study: Researchers use eel-like protein to control brain

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An ancient lineage of jawless fish similar to eel called lamprey was the key to successful experiment published in Neuron.
Researchers looking to help people suffering from addiction, depression, and pain are studying how certain brain neurons operate to see if they can be controlled.
In a paper published May 11 in Neuron, researchers at the University of Washington School of Medicine and Washington University in St. Louis, along with several other universities, successfully used a protein called parapinopsin to turn off brain circuits. This protein is found in lamprey – an ancient lineage of jawless fish similar to eel. ....

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Researchers Use Eel-Like Protein to Control Brain

Researchers Use Eel-Like Protein to Control Brain
– What is neurology?
– Definition of neurology: a science involved in the study of the nervous systems, especially of the diseases and disorders affecting them.
– Neurology research can include information involving brain research, neurological disorders, medicine, brain cancer, peripheral nervous systems, central nervous systems, nerve damage, brain tumors, seizures, neurosurgery, electrophysiology, BMI, brain injuries, paralysis and spinal cord treatments.
What is Psychology?
Definition of Psychology: Psychology is the study of behavior in an individual, or group. Our psychology articles cover research in mental health, psychiatry, depression, psychology, schizophrenia, autism spectrum, happiness, stress and more. ....

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How to reroute a broken neural circuit

How to reroute a broken neural circuit
Scientists genetically manipulate worms to bypass damaged neurons and study how the mind perceives the environment
January 19, 2021
•
By Sabrina Richards
/ Fred Hutch News Service
Hutch neuroscientist Dr. Jihong Bai explains why he studies tiny worms called nematodes.
Video by Robert Hood / Fred Hutch News Service
Nematodes, minuscule worms that are partial to rotting fruit, haven t been blessed with a lot of brain cells to rub together. But even with the few neurons they do have, these worms do amazing things: find food, avoid danger.
Killing off even a single brain cell can prevent a worm from turning environmental cues into a coherent picture of its surroundings. When scientists damage a neuron at the center of a worm s odor-sensing circuit, it wanders aimlessly, unable to move toward a pleasing scent even though its neuron that detects the smell still works. ....

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