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Did icy clouds give Mars lakes and rivers?


At some point in its early history, Mars could have had a thin layer of icy, high-altitude clouds that caused a greenhouse effect, new research suggests.
The theory helps explain one of the great puzzles of modern space science that the view from NASA’s Perseverance, which just landed on Mars, neatly sums up: Today Mars is a desert planet, and yet the rover is sitting right next to an ancient river delta.
“Mars is important because it’s the only planet we know of that had the ability to support life and then lost it.”
The apparent contradiction has puzzled scientists for decades, especially because at the same time that Mars had flowing rivers, it was getting less than a third as much sunshine as we enjoy today on Earth. ....

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Icy clouds could have kept early Mars warm enough for rivers and lakes, study finds


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Credit: NASA and JPL-Caltech.
One of the great mysteries of modern space science is neatly summed up by the view from NASA s Perseverance, which just landed on Mars: Today it s a desert planet, and yet the rover is sitting right next to an ancient river delta.
The apparent contradiction has puzzled scientists for decades, especially because at the same time that Mars had flowing rivers, it was getting less than a third as much sunshine as we enjoy today on Earth.
But a new study led by University of Chicago planetary scientist Edwin Kite, an assistant professor of geophysical sciences and an expert on climates of other worlds, uses a computer model to put forth a promising explanation: Mars could have had a thin layer of icy, high-altitude clouds that caused a greenhouse effect. ....

Mark Richardson , Michael Mischna , Propulsion Laboratory , University Of Chicago , Aeolis Research , University Of Chicago Research Computing Center , Edwin Kite , Liam Steele , Jet Propulsion Laboratory , Chicago Research Computing , Early Mars , Atmospheric Science , Atmospheric Chemistry , Climate Science , Temperature Dependent Phenomena , Space Planetary Science , Planets Moons , Satellite Missions Shuttles , Climate Change , குறி ரிச்சர்ட்சன் , ப்ரொபல்ஶந் ஆய்வகம் , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் சிகாகோ , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் சிகாகோ ஆராய்ச்சி கணினி மையம் , எட்வின் காத்தாடி , லியாம் ஸ்டீல் , ஜெட் ப்ரொபல்ஶந் ஆய்வகம் ,

New research could boost a solar-powered fuel made by splitting water


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Hydrogen is an incredibly powerful fuel, and the ingredients are everywhere in plain old water. Researchers would love to be able to use it widely as a clean and sustainable energy source.
One catch, however, is that a considerable amount of energy is required to split water and make hydrogen. Thus scientists have been working on fabricating materials for photoelectrodes that can use solar energy to split water, creating a solar fuel that can be stored for later use.
Scientists with the University of Chicago, the University of Madison-Wisconsin and Brookhaven National Laboratory published a new breakthrough in making such photoelectrodes. Their research, reported in ....

United States , University Of Wisconsin , Giulia Galli , Kyoung Shin Choi , Chenyu Zhou , Wennie Wang , Dongho Lee , Nature Energy On , University Of Madison , Department Of Energy , National Science Foundation , Nanomaterials At Brookhaven National Laboratory , Office Of Science , Argonne National Laboratory , University Of Chicago , University Of Chicago Research Computing Center , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Nature Energy , Liew Family Professor , Molecular Engineering , Mingzhao Liu , Functional Nanomaterials , Brookhaven National , Research Computing , Materials Synthesis , Proximal Probes User Facilities ,