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Esophageal cancers resurrect ancient retroviruses hidden in our genome

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NEW YORK, NY (May 10, 2021) Scientists have discovered that many esophageal cancers turn on ancient viral DNA that was embedded in our genome hundreds of millions of years ago.
It was surprising, says Adam Bass, MD, the Herbert and Florence Irving Professor of Medicine at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, who led the study published May 10 in
Nature Genetics.
We weren t specifically searching for the viral elements, but the finding opens up a huge new array of potential cancer targets that I think will be extremely exciting as ways to enhance immunotherapy. ....

New York , United States , Mailman School Of Public Health , Columbia University , Hiroshi Nakagawa , Columbia University Irving Medical Center , Vagelos College Of Physicians , Precision Cancer Medicine At Columbia University , Us National Institutes Of Health , Harvard Medical School , School Of Arts , College Of Dental Medicine , Twomey Family Fellowship In Esophageal Cancer Research , Columbia University Vagelos College Of Physicians , Dana Farber Cancer Institute , Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center , Division Of Hematology , School Of Nursing , Madam Bass , Florence Irving Professor , Columbia University Vagelos College , Cancers Turn , Precision Cancer Medicine , Esophageal Squamous Carcinoma Epigenome , Induces Endogenous Retroviral Elements , Thereby Promoting ,

Cardiff Oncology in Collaboration with MIT Presents Gene Signature Analyses Data Identifying Androgen-Independent Mechanism for Onvansertib-Abiraterone Synergy in mCRPC

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SAN DIEGO, April 10, 2021 /PRNewswire/
Cardiff Oncology, Inc. (Nasdaq: CRDF), a clinical-stage biotechnology company developing onvansertib to treat cancers with the greatest medical need for new treatment options, including KRAS-mutated colorectal cancer, pancreatic cancer and castrate-resistant prostate cancer, in collaboration with scientists in the Center for Precision Cancer Medicine at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), today announced that new gene signature and mechanistic analyses related to its ongoing Phase 2 trial of onvansertib in metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) were featured in a virtual oral poster presentation at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2021. ....

Dana Farber Cancer Institute , United States , Massachusetts Institute Of Technology , Davidh Koch , Michaelb Yaffe , David Einstein , Katelyn Caruso Sharpe , Mark Erlander , Vicki Kelemen , Joyce Allaire , Cardiff Oncology Inc , Hospital Cancer Center , Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center , Prnewswire Cardiff Oncology Inc , Exchange Commission , Genitourinary Oncology Program , American Association For Cancer Research , Lifesci Communications , Precision Cancer Medicine , Massachusetts Institute , American Association , Cancer Research , Annual Meeting , Cardiff Oncology , Biological Engineering , Decipher Biosciences ,

Potential new treatment strategy for breast cancer cells that have spread to the brain

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BOSTON - New research reveals that when breast cancer cells spread to the brain, they must boost production of fatty acids, the building blocks of fat, in order to survive there. The work, which is published in
Nature Cancer and was led by investigators at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) and the Koch Institute of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), points to a potential new treatment target for shrinking brain tumors that arise secondary to breast cancer.
Therapies that target the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) have transformed treatment for patients with breast cancer whose tumor cells express HER2, but brain metastases from this disease are typically fatal because they are resistant to anti-cancer therapies that are effective in other locations in the body. This is in part due to the blood-brain barrier that protects the brain against circulating toxins and pathogens, but changes in the cancer cells once they reach the bra ....

United States , Susang Komen , Gino Ferraro , Rakeshk Jain , Matthew Vander Heiden , Broad Institute , Jane Trust Foundation , Koch Institute , Alice Wallenberg Foundation , Ludwig Center At Harvard , National Science Foundation , Emerald Foundation , National Foundation For Cancer Research , Ludwig Center , Molecular Oncology Fund , Novo Nordisk Foundation , Research Foundation , Nature Cancer , Massachusetts General Hospital , Massachusetts Institute , Tumor Biology , Andrew Werk Cook Professor , Radiation Oncology , Harvard Medical , National Foundation , Cancer Research ,

Radiotherapy responses may be improved with targeted immunotherapy, study suggests

Radiotherapy responses may be improved with targeted immunotherapy, study suggests
8th March 2021
A new study suggests that targeted immunotherapy could make cancers that are resistant to radiotherapy more responsive to treatment.
The study, conducted by scientists at The Institute of Cancer Research, London in collaboration with the University of Leeds and The Francis Crick Institute, studied inflammation in bowel tumour samples taken before and after radiotherapy from 53 patients.
The researchers aimed to understand how tumour immune activity before and after radiotherapy treatment varies between patients who respond or do not respond well to treatment.
The study found that by profiling the immune landscape of cancers before therapy, researchers could identify which patients are likely to respond to radiotherapy, and also who might benefit from ‘priming’ their tumour with immunotherapy. ....

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