Up on your smart phone and that helps you find a restaurant you want, for the applet you give to your kids to give them something to do in the back of the car all the way up to applications built to handle your mobile banking, your retirement accounts and Sensitive Data including your health information. Guest our mobile community has turn the world from something that is pc centric to something where you carry her life and information in pocket. Host why does that why did at manufacturers etc. Feel a need to have representation in washington . Guest in reality its the same community that build a lot of programs for the pc and what is critical to understanding the weight government intersects with our world is we live on platforms whether its the platform called the internet, a platform called a app store, the device you live on, the Healthcare Industry intersect with, our developers create the programs that live on top of his other world and often times that world is dominated by highly regulated industries, so many times our message is, knowing you get that service, that service and Large Company providing it, the part you love and use comes on top of something thats either highly regulated, has specific litigation issues that sometimes arise by patents or maybe something where we have a need for example in healthcare. Bears eight obscure portion of the Social Security act, 1834m for those at home that prevents telemedicine from being reimbursed, so i mobile app, app that allows you to communicate with your doctor and only a tiny amount of telemedicine apps can be reimbursed, so patients lose out. Something you never think of, so for our membership my job is to give voice to the consumers for the products they use other companies so they had the opportunity to grow and help solve problems. Host how may people are directly employed by App Developers . Guest depending on estimates, we are looking at if you expand to the platforms you are talking about hundreds of thousands throughout the us and millions if you look worldwide. Within our own association, we have companies we work with that are developing that employ 12000 developers and we had many many people who employ one and the app economy was really built on an army of developers, individual developers where for example i might be the guy with a great idea. You are the person with the coding skills and youre the 11 who could do the Graphic Design and maybe you are and that the code on in virginia and you are back in my home state of alaska and we Work Together over the internet, create an application, put it on a platform and market it and share the revenue to a corporation we create. That is the model that is building literally hundreds of thousands of app every day that we all love and depend on. Host helpless talk about some of those issues with the App Association facing. Lease is with political. Guest the App Association was among the members of the Tech Community that decided to speak out against aspects of president trumps immigration order and i was wanting to talk about the reasoning behind not. Guest interesting enough theres a perception that there are only Large Companies that use other immigrants. Our membership is made up of a huge number of people who moved to america for the business ability. One of my favorite Member Companies was in belgium who realized to build an app company in belgium there were semi restrictions placed that he moved and immigrated to the us, the great state of oregon. We have a swede in florida. We have them all of the place who came from elsewhere because they had a great idea, a product they wanted to move forward on and yet we are restricted in their country when it came to the ability to raise money, find likeminded people and really get something to market quickly, so the greatness of america is often build off of that. What happens in the us right now is again, our model the three of us come together and maybe you are the one who has that separate capability and no one else in the world does what i need done on some back and a server technology. I need to bring you in and of what she working on my team so we can get a product to move forward. Even more importantly, maybe a bit on a contract or without your skills and is the contract and that loses me the seven american jobs that im hiring based off your special skills, so for the Small Community there are thousands of visas, single piece, one company, one person per company who are making a difference between success and growth and failure or staying small, so from our perspective that executive order was not done in a way that allows for Legal Immigration of the people into the country in a way that wasnt confusing. It was good to see the order was changed to allow green card holders to allow others who have been in the us who have been building amazing applications to command, so there is good in that, but the reason we spoke out is without the little guy and how important immigrants were to the little guy was not getting heard. Host is it important to have people sidebyside even in todays mobility driven world . Guest yes. In fact, its interesting, many of our companies doing a marvelous amount of virtual work, but if you are looking at our Development Model that is very popular now thats called agile or scrum any bring together a small team to solve a problem and you literally bring them together and then they go off and work in other places and other talibans, but for a moment in time i want to bring my entire Team Together and solve or present solutions to the problem and then we go to our corners and get down to coding. For a moment in time i need all eyes forward on the board and the best ideas to be presented in the discussions to really separate the wheat from the [inaudible] guest sometimes you have to face to face. When Tech Companies and organizations decide to establish a position towards a policy that trump set out do you feel there are concerns about the administration hitting back with other policies that might negatively affect the industry . Guest well, i think its better to look at how we are observing the world. Most of my membership is small. Their goal is for the product they are trying to develop to not accidentally be stepped on as we watch the giants engage in various discussions. Our job is to bring the voice of the Small Business into that mix and so from our membership or was important on the executive order, for example, was to make sure there was rhetoric happening in aim higher and hotter level and Small Business voice was raised and that it was hurt. I think throughout this administration the president has made it clear his goal is to grow jobs. One of the things people may not understand is almost 80 last year we saw that 80 of all the mobile apps were not made in Silicon Valley and in fact there are regions in the us, in the southeast and ears of the midwest where most of your amazing applications you dont even notice our developed by teens teens in nebraska, georgia, throughout this part of the United States there are thousands of Developers Coding away so your truck for your Cable Company rolls on time and gets there when it says it does. Someone has to integrate the gps from the driving system with the customer record with the information about how long a certain project takes and that has to come together. And theres a sitting somewhere in america making that happen. What i think the question is, we dont necessarily look at something where we are concerned about how the president will act, but we want to make sure this Administration Takes into consideration the jobs created and how many people, not just on the coast are part of this ecosystem. Host are americans prepared educationally . Guest thank you for that incredible softball question and, i mean, that in the best way because the answer is unequivocally now. We have 250,000 open jobs right now with an average salary of 92000 we have more than 500,000 open headcount in the us if you include project managers, Graphic Designers, user interface experts. What we see right now in the us is the cry for jobs throughout america and yet on our side we have a cry for talents. We have a cry for coder spirit there was an article in wire recently saying is coding a bluecollar job and i say absolutely. Many Development Firms hire half of their staff that dont have a College Degree and what we find right now is unfortunately, its easier to take ap latin in many high schools in america than it is to find a ap Computer Science class. This is particularly depressing when it comes to women work i have two daughters. One of my daughters is very interested in coding. She starting to learn how to do it, that her school has almost nothing to offer her. So, she is finding she has to do it at home and i heard that, so im encouraging that, but imagine all of the others who dont have that opportunity and frankly art sitting there playing video games at quite the same rate and level, so they dont have that idea by love this game and would like to build one work thats more common amongst boys, which is great. When you look at the educational level and the failure of k12 education to adequately provide Computer Science education and i dont mean typing classes, i mean, how do you program, how do you make something happen on a screen completely out of your imagination . We dont have that right now in our Education System and its killing us when it comes to filling those jobs, 250,000 jobs at 92000 a year or better. Host are you advocating a policy change to create those . Guest absolutely. Last year we focused energy on trying to get the department of education to put more downward pressure nationwide on adding classes through challenge grants, through activities that can be done in the school. Heres the interesting part, you might say well, should we spend tax dollars and industry is spending billions of dollars on coding classes whether its code academy, code. Org, code cafe, you name it, coding classes and teaching, we had one in dc that cropped up where they were taking the weight staff from local restaurants and because they tended to work later tonight they offered coding classes for weight staff that started midday and ended about 4 00 p. M. To try to get these people to a new skill. We have one member in pennsylvania, that pays them for 90 days, gets into a skill level and if they succeed then pays them even more to bring them to the next level and then is able to get them jobs in the environment. Industry is spending billions to inject this information. My problem is, we are injecting that information and bringing that knowledge after they have graduated from high school. Its crazy to me. We arent finding ways to get that when the mind is most viable and the interest is most broad and when frankly kids have the most time to mess around. Right now, we are absolutely advocating for policy whether it be challenge grants, whether it be direct action in the state or whether it be through other mechanisms the federal government has, but we look forward to working with the new secretary of education to establish a way to get that needs that we have an open jobs with the education that we currently have in the k12 system. On the subject of the cells, which you had mentioned earlier, im curious to hear what your thoughts are on what was presented and what you think needs to be changed about the program if anything. Guest i went to say that senator hatchs announcement today was wideranging, broad and incredibly refreshing. Senator hatch outlined on agenda that was incredibly aggressive and put smiles on the faces of everyone in the room because he was clearly listening, so i want to start off by saying from the Tech Community thank you to senator hatch for bringing up those issues. He sits on important committees and for someone about seniority raising issues is important. When it comes to the question of how do we reform the program, our membership sees a couple of issues that are constantly about we are competing with the Large Companies to get a hold of those visas, but we also know that that is the reality we live in, so the problems we often face our the same the big company space, which is how do i bring that persons family over . How do we get back into the system the h1b that isnt used and had we replenish the supply or increase the supply . Should there be extra visas for Small Business that go on top of the largecompany visas . When we are looking to form proposals i think the simple matter is we want the best talent in america as fast as we can and we are willing to pay more than market rates to bring that talent in because it helps us grow our businesses which helps us hire more americans. Theres also been a draft executive order circulated also about the visas, what is your reaction to that . I know it included a review of the program and a number of visas that could be allocated. What you think about that . Guest i think i have learned from my work with the Trump Administration at this point time that i will withhold judgment. Of the executive order draft we saw had a lot of interesting aspects, but i expect it will be revisited, so i think on that when i will wait until we see the final version. Also, in congress there is talk on a different subject, using the Congressional Review Act to roll back some of the fcc broadband privacy rules which i know is something that you have spoken out about before. Who have the same capability to meet those regulatory requirements. Its often happens in washington. The legislation is written with big guys in the room and the guys have the lawyers so compliance is something that can be solved by a Compliance Department. When my Member Company has a staff of one and that person is alsohaving to wash dishes that night, the Compliance Department is also the development department. But for example, we expect they are going to review whats called predata. I think thats one proposal that will be very interesting to our community. In part because if its done right, and this is something that has been addressed, it could be a boon for Small Business if theres a way to make it accessible. When you look at the company that boasted, they proposed it in a manner that allows our membership to participate and its open to the membership to participate and that could be something good because consumer has more room in the data that could help but again, we need to see how these proposals are shaped. But to your point, we have absolutely heard from german pine, republican members of the house, senate and the administration that this is a change they want to make happen so we are going to participate as loudly or as quietly as necessary to make sure that Small Business side and frankly, they absolutely love to get the coverage you need and one last thought with it, whatever the fcc does, we have one overarching issue and that is we want more data and in more places and we want it now. Whether its spectrum reform, calling back spectrum from the military, putting up more towers, our industry exceeds when you have more access and faster and better places so for us, that over arches all. Morgan reed, to go back to what lisa was asking about privacy which is a rather intricate relationship between privacy,encryption, transparency, absolute Law Enforcement. So i think that one of the questions that often gets raised around the intricate weave that we have all of these issues, lets undo it for a moment and start with the words you mentioned, encryption. I think the most important thing for your viewers and all americans to understand his encryption is the thing that keeps you safe when it comes to your identity being stolen. Last year, 17. 4 million americans experienced identity. A vast majority had a monetary impact, more than 1000 but whats interesting, and interview people whod been through identity theft, the hell thatthey often describe is not just monetary, its the agony of having to call back there identity. Whether its through the college that thinks they owed them money or whether it be through the records that they no longer have access to or whether its even worse, a mixture of the records that are presented to them. This is not meaningful as an experience that article task. My own daughter has been getting phone calls from somebody user identity, shes 11, to try to purchase a car. So now they have electronic instances, your loan is approved calls so 17. 4 million americans get their identity stolen each year and the cost is real both in monetary terms but also in personal assets so the question to ask is how do we use Technology Like encryption do a better job to protect . The flipside is how do we empower Law Enforcement to go after those bad guys when they break through encryption and thats something we are going to see congress continue to look at. Mccall warner proposed a working group and thats something weve been active on working on and working with to find solutions for us to intersect with Law Enforcement in a proper way but beyond that, we think about encryption as how do i protect the next place which is how do i share it for you . Now we get to data calls, somebody might not realize but essentially every single one of my members from the smallest to the largest is acting in the International Trade business because almost every act is fillable on some other store outside the United States and for most of my membership, they are also gathering data,retaining data, sending data back across our physical border , in the virtual world. So now the question comes, how do i deal with lawful action . The fbi comes talking, says wed like access to data. If this data is held on a foreign citizen on a server in a foreign country but im a us company, what do i do . What law do i follow . What subpoenas do i handle . Which and how do i properly inform my customers about what my requirements are as a usbased company . The thing about encryption is how do we protect it and we think about lawful access that also crossborder dataflow is how do i share it . We have these two interests so senator hatch today brought up that specific issue. Last year he was a sponsor of legislation to try to solve this problem through improving whats called the process and also through changes to the law. What gets more interesting because the court system has gotten involved. I guess its last year, last year the Second Circuit ruled on this and said that us companies typically in this case microsoft would not be required to part with data on a us1 only on a foreign citizen if it is held overseas. That in fact it was a reasonable expectation but that foreign citizen that the process should begone through and Law Enforcement should pick up the phone , and say hey, wed like to get access on the citizen. Wed like you to help us serve a warrant on them to get that data and if that becomes alaw of the land, how can we communicate with our customers to save what i follow , heres how i protect the data, heres what i will lawfully of your data over so now, lets enter into a contract and get down to business. Without that certainty, we live in a world where if a customer asks what do we do, we have to say i dontknow. The third circuit, no circuit at all . What do we do . We appreciate senator hatch being on the front lines in the saying lets solve this problem through congressional action. Do you see the piracy act and International Communications privacy act helping the smooth this over and do you feel like theyre going to help make it in congress this time around . I am an eternal optimist. Im in the industry and our technology has been the Fastest Technology in the history of mankind, faster than the wheel so yes im optimistic but im also realistic. I think that legislation isnt so much about smoothing over the problem as creating a new framework by which we can understand our data world as an ordered environment that we are as people occupy a border less environment through the ether and the internet of the world. Go ahead and finish. I was saying that also, your question of where am i on it. Im very hopeful that we can see success on epa, on the pragmatic and i believe that the various Court Decisions affecting the third circuitdecision , are the strongest reason why i believe that the International Communications, crossborder dataflow will be solved because the industry and the Justice Department needed answers that question. So senator had his proposal of a new framework and the opportunity that we need and i believe it can happen. Or in re, when is the first step developed . That looked interesting, theres kind of notable origin stories about if you think about it, there were and there were stores even before the whole, the iphone. My care has its own app store, microsoft had its own store and its own devices so we go back quite a ways. We theoretically go back to the 90s but when you saw the explosion with 2007 and the launch of the iphone in 2009, its very interesting that we see now obamacare, aca was passed in 2009 and was promulgated in 2008. At the edge of the industry, to today are is ubiquitous and constant. You have to look at our timeline as beginning in 2008. But like any good origin story, theres a couple spider bites that happen, radioactivespider bites that happen in the 90s. It really made the difference in most technology, in the environment that was right. We have to have processes and we had to have communications technologies. The, as we talked about earlier, how we get faster bandwidth and we had to have the bandwidth services, we had ships to run them and we had to have friendly creativity, we give them credit for that on developing an app store that was open and robust that gave us an opportunity to have consumers pay for something without having to worry about me selecting your credit card. If you think about it, the app stores power came from three elements instantaneous , wasnt getting my credit card to some random person on the internet. Easy marketing, it was on the store, purchasable and findable. And in a sense, very much a common level Playing Field where the system that i created could be as famous as success as the one created by the large multinational company, almost instantaneously. My idea was better, my user interface was stronger, i could win in headtohead competition against the largest manufacturer. So that kind of level Playing Field instantaneous trust and marketing really gave room to the growth of the itunes store and now weve seen microsoft and google store, we see the explosion of that kind of environment with the average number of apps that somebody asked . Thats a good question, average we are seeing the Successful Use between 10 and 15. Next summer. But most people have a series of applications, have a great idea. They bring to the service, they make money on it. Thats the ultimate test, that if it was possible, was it successful. And they say i like this idea lets get this new one and its not their place to say, ill build a new. So if youve ever used products where it seems to want to do everything, applications are heading to grow more like individualized pools to solve an individualized problem. You dont buy that you open and it theoretically does everything, you have an application that does that one thing really well so generally speaking, our members often have some where between 10 and 15,somehow 25. We have a couple more well into the hundreds. X they created or been part of or fostered. Morgan reed is the executive director of the association and please oh is with politico, thank you. In about 15 minutes, the trumpet administration will hold a briefing on a revised president ial executive order on us visa is and travel, Homeland Security john kelly, Rex Tillotson and attorney general sessions will all take part. Cspan will have live at 1130 this morning. We have more Live Programming coming up with a session on the United Kingdom defense strategy. We will hear from members of the ministry of defense sponsored by the council, 6 30 eastern on our companion network cspan3 and the senate is back at work at 2 pm eastern with a debate expected on the bill rolling back obamacare and labor rules, the final vote on the measure set for 60 in turn, you see the live right here on cspan2, the house will also meet today for a quick pro forma session, no legislative business expected. Bills under consideration include work on programs and policy or nasa. Live on our companion network cspan. Next on the communicators, morgan reed, executive director of the Math Association which represents 5000 developers on their concern about immigration policy, privacy and Cyber Security among other issues and wants members disease from congress in the talking ministration. Mister reid is interviewed by these out. The association was among the members of the community that decided to speak out against access of president trumps recent immigration word, i was wondering if you couldtalk about the reasoning behind. From our perspective, the executive order was not done in a way that allowed for Legal Immigration of people into the country in a way that wasnt reduced. It was good to see that the order was changed to allow green park workers to allow others in the United States do the application. To come in. Theres good enough but the reason is because the little guy and this becomes important, watch the communicators night at the eastern on cspan2. The Us Supreme Court heard oral arguments recently in hernandez v mason, a case that could determine if the family of a Mexican National and soup Us Border Patrol agent for shooting and killing a 15yearold farmboy on the mexican side of the border. Including a concrete culvert built out of texas and mexico with a boy on the mexican side of the border in the us agent on the us side. This is over an hour