there's a price to pay for this behavior. that, in fact, it's not in your best interest. >> what should that price be? >> it's a wide range of things. there's no one set. if we're looking for the perfect solution, there isn't one. this will be a variety of incremental solutions and efforts that are going to play out over time. there's no one single approach here. >> and your point about manipulating data. about a month ago i chaired a hearing on artificial intelligence and our growing economy's growing reliance on artificial intelligence. and one of the things the witnesses testified there was concern on the cybersecurity side of a hack that would modify the data that's being relied on for artificial intelligence to change the decision-making in a way nobody is even aware it's been changed. and i think that's a threat. i hope that you all are examining closely. and it's the sort of threat that could have significant repercussions without anyone even being aware it's happening. let me shift to a different