against, essentially, every formal of influenza. i don't think we'll get a perfect universal flu vaccine, but you can start off getting to the ultimate goal, so that you can maybe get a vaccination every five to ten years that would give you enough background protection that even when you encounter a brand new pandemic virus, there would be enough of the cross reactivity with that particular vaccine that you'd be able to protect people. that's the ult mall goal. >> it is extraordinary, when you look, you know, for hopeful things, when you look at hiv and how, for many people, it at least in the developed world where they have access to drugs, it is a condition that is now something people can live with, as opposed to a death sentence. >> absolutely. well, the hiv development of drugs and treatment is an extraordinary success story of the relationship between fundamental basis biomedical research, developing an intervention that's highly