in terms of overhead in many ways is a threat as well from emerging nations. terrorist groups and extremists are also able to access a lot of these new technologies. and while isis in particular continues to suffer losses in syria, iraq and libya, unfortunately, it continues to spread its hateful ideology through social media and encrypted communications. gentlemen, i will lightly touch on the challenges we face, look forward to the discussion. i thank you for being here and look forward to this hearing. thank you, mr. chairman. >> i thank the vice chairman. for members' purposes, we have a vote scheduled on the floor at 11:00. it's the intent of the chair and vice chair that we will rotate the gavel so that the hearing continues through. members will be recognized by seniority for five minutes. when we conclude the open session, hopefully with enough gap for our witnesses to have