Date Time Share American Heart Association Guideline Highlights: Having a stroke caused by blocked blood vessels or a transient ischemic attack (TIA) greatly increases your chances of having a future stroke. Identifying the cause or causes of the first stroke is key to developing strategies to prevent additional strokes. Managing blood pressure levels, reducing or quitting smoking, eating a healthy diet, and regular physical activity will reduce the risk of a second stroke, along with managing conditions such as Type 2 diabetes and high cholesterol. People who experience a stroke or TIA should be screened and potentially treated for the irregular heart rhythm known as atrial fibrillation.