british, right. the pakistan army is a product of the british army in india. so from the earliest months of the pakistani state, it has had a continuation of interest in afghanistan. the afghans themselves did not help their own position by denouncing the duran line and interfering in vince's. we cannot see this as something you —— in provinces. this is in pakistan's strategic culture. the question that you post about islamic state and al-qaeda, right, this is a complicated question. part of those organisations also advance pakistan's interest. there's a lot of misunderstanding about islamic state, that it is joint tightly with