diseases or potential diseases much earlier. >> exactly. >> reporter: so why do we give so much blood? i think everyone who's ever had a blood test does wonder why do you need so much blood to you know figure out your cholesterol or whatever it is? >> the whole system has been designed around that. so since really the 1960s when the clinical lab infrastructure began to develop we've had this infrastructure that's very similar to what you see in mainframe computing where you have highly centralized, very big analytical instruments which require that much blood. and therefore, people have had to take tubes and tubes every time they do a blood draw. because you can't, one, the chemistryies that have been designed without it. >> reporter: and how did you make it though? that you can find all this oughtt so easily with one drop of