nato's reluctance or -- to get involved in the conflict directly on the ground because of the risk of escalation. and throughout this process, he has made allusions to nuclear weapons as the sort of -- the ultimate sort of demonstration to the extent to which he is willing to go. so, by reintroducing that, he is preparing himself for these tough kind of negotiations. but when it comes to nato, when it comes to statements from the united states, uses of chemical weapons, use of nuclear weapons will dramatically shift the nature of the conflict and i think then potentially make it almost impossible for others to not get involved in this particular, um, conflict. so i think at this stage, um, the question of the existential threat is of course linked to your question earlier on about talking about regime change is ultimately as far as putin is concerned and very much a threat to the future not only of him but of his country. and so, these considerations are all there as he enters into