own suggests that the soliciting of a foreign government to help in an election. there is no question about that. and then in addition there is certainly circumstantial evidence and even in the four corners of that call to suggest a quid pro quo. the president's comments about a quid pro quo really reminded me of the trials i sat in where drug dealers believed if he didn't say crack on the phone he couldn't be prosecuted. there is what the president said. there is the reference to the election and the, i have a favor, though, a favor from the president of ukraine, comma, though, and then there is circumstantial evidence. he didn't have to say, do this or i'm going to break your arm. what is also ironic here is that i think rudy giuliani who prosecuted many people in the southern district of new york for like conduct understands that these kinds of things are rarely explicit. i surely think there is enough. >> it strikes me to hear you say that as a federal judge. you brought up crack.