engaging in military action if putin decides to invade or occupy. that is the reality, is it not? >> that is the reality. and that is the reality that ukrainians, including the ukrainian president, are hyperaware of. sending troops to the region is another way of saying we're not sending troops to ukraine. sending troops to the region to protect nato members is another way of underscoring that ukraine is not a member of nato, and cannot count on protection from the west. and so ukraine is -- i think that those pictures of civil defense training are somewhat hyperbolic in the sense that, yes, that's happening. ukraine also has a military that has been in combat for the last eight years, that is probably more battle ready than many military forces in the world because it's had practice and also because of ukraine's nato aspirations, they have been