Shamena Anwar, Patrick Bayer, Randi Hjalmarsson There is growing concern and anecdotal and academic evidence that racial minorities in the US are overrepresented amongst criminal defendants and unequally treated throughout the criminal justice system, ranging from interactions with the police (Facchini et al. 2020) to death sentences (La Ferrara and Alesina 2011). Moreover, this unequal representation is asymmetric, as minorities are underrepresented amongst the decision makers such as police, prosecutors, jurors, and judges. Though much of this concern is focused on race, this could be a symptom of a more general form of unequal community representation. This begs the question: what are the consequences (and potential policy remedies) of unequal representation of neighbourhoods? This column discusses this question in the context of one agent in the justice system that is explicitly meant to be representative of the community – the jury.