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Frontiers | A Novel Probable Pathogenic PSEN2 Mutation p.Phe369Ser Associated With Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease in a Chinese Han Family: A Case Report

Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
The pathogenesis of Alzheimer s disease is complex, and early-onset Alzheimer s disease (EOAD) is mostly influenced by genetic factors. Presenilin-1, presenilin-2 (PSEN2), and amyloid precursor protein are currently known as the three main causative genes for autosomal dominant EOAD, with the PSEN2 mutation being the rarest. In this study, we reported a 56-year-old Chinese Han proband who presented with prominent progressive amnesia, aphasia, executive function impairment, and depression 5 years ago. The 3-year follow-up showed that the patient experienced progressive brain atrophy displayed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dramatic cognitive decline assessed by neuropsychological evaluation. This patient was clinically diagnosed as EOAD based on established criteria. A heterozygous variant (NM 000447.2: c.1106T>C) of PSEN2 was identified for the first time in this patient a ....

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Frontiers | Van Allen Probes Observations of Oxygen Ions at the Geospace Plume

Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory, Westford, MA, United States
The geospace plume couples the ionosphere, plasmasphere, and magnetosphere from sub-auroral regions to the magnetopause, on polar field lines, and into the magnetotail. We describe Van Allen Probes observations of ionospheric O+ ions at altitudes of 3–6 R
E in the near vicinity of the geospace plume in the noon and post-noon sector. The temporal variation of warm ion fluxes observed as a function of time on a moving spacecraft is complicated by changing spacecraft position and complex ion drift paths and velocities that are highly sensitive to ion energy, pitch angle and L value. In the “notch” region of lower density plasma outside the morning-side plasmapause, bi-directionally field aligned fluxes of lower energy ( ....

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Frontiers | An Evaluation of Strong-Motion Parameters at the S-net Ocean-Bottom Seismograph Sites Near the Kanto Basin for Earthquake Early Warning

National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience, Tsukuba, Japan
We analyzed strong-motion records at the ground and borehole in and around the Kanto Basin and the seafloor in the Japan Trench area from three nearby offshore earthquakes of similar magnitudes (Mw 5.8–5.9). The seafloor strong-motion records were obtained from S-net, which was established to enhance tsunami and earthquake early warnings after the 2011 great Tohoku-oki earthquake disaster. The borehole records were obtained from MeSO-net, a dense network of seismometers installed at a depth of 20 m in the Tokyo metropolitan area. The ground records were obtained from the K-NET and KiK-net networks, established after the 1995 great Hanshin-Awaji earthquake disaster. The MeSO-net and S-net stations record the shakings continuously, while the K-NET and KiK-net records are based on triggering thresholds. It is crucial to evaluate the properties of strong motions recorded by the S-net for eart ....

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Frontiers | Orogenic Collapse and Stress Adjustments Revealed by an Intense Seismic Swarm Following the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake in Nepal

Frontiers | Orogenic Collapse and Stress Adjustments Revealed by an Intense Seismic Swarm Following the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake in Nepal
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Frontiers | A Smartphone App for Individual Xylazine/Ketamine Calculation Decreased Anesthesia-Related Mortality in Mice

2Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
3Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
4Laboratory of Digital Signal Processing in Real Time, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
5Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, United States
Currently, experimental animals are widely used in biological and medical research. However, the scientific community has raised several bioethical concerns, such as the number of animals required to achieve reproducible and statistically relevant results. These concerns involve aspects related to pain, discomfort, and unwanted animal loss. Retrospectively, we compare two different approaches for anesthesia dosage: a mobile app for dose calculation and a standard dose calculation. A total of 939 C57BL/6J and Swiss mice were analyzed. We co ....

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