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A computational approach to understanding how infants perceive language


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Languages differ in the sounds they use. The Japanese language, for example, does not distinguish between r and l sounds as in rock versus lock. Remarkably, infants become attuned to the sounds of their native language before they learn to speak. One-year-old babies, for example, less readily distinguish between rock and lock when living in an environment where Japanese, rather than English, is spoken.
Influential scientific accounts of this early phonetic learning phenomenon initially proposed that infants group sounds into native vowel- and consonant-like phonetic categories through a statistical clustering mechanism known as distributional learning.
The idea that infants learn consonant- and vowel-like phonetic categories has been challenged, however, by a new study published this week in the ....

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Bristol researchers publish significant step toward quantum advantage


Credit: A. Montanaro
Researchers from the University of Bristol and quantum start-up, Phasecraft, have advanced quantum computing research, bringing practical hybrid quantum-classical computing one step closer.
The team, led by Bristol researcher and Phasecraft co-founder, Dr. Ashley Montanaro, has discovered algorithms and analysis which significantly lessen the quantum hardware capability needed to solve problems which go beyond the realm of classical computing, even supercomputers.
In the paper, published in
Physical Review B, the team demonstrates how optimised quantum algorithms can solve instances of the notorious Fermi-Hubbard model on near-term hardware.
The Fermi-Hubbard model is of fundamental importance in condensed-matter physics as a model for strongly correlated materials and a route to understanding high-temperature superconductivity. ....

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