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Ionized gas extends over 40 kpc in an odd radio circle host galaxy

A new class of extragalactic astronomical sources discovered in 2021, named odd radio circles (ORCs)1, are large rings of faint, diffuse radio continuum emission spanning approximately 1 arcminute on the sky. Galaxies at the centres of several ORCs have photometric redshifts of z ≃ 0.3–0.6, implying physical scales of several 100 kpc in diameter for the radio emission, the origin of which is unknown. Here we report spectroscopic data on an ORC including strong [O ii] emission tracing ionized gas in the central galaxy of ORC4 at z = 0.4512. The physical extent of the [O ii] emission is approximately 40 kpc in diameter, larger than expected for a typical early-type galaxy2 but an order of magnitude smaller than the large-scale radio continuum emission. We detect an approximately 200 km s−1 velocity gradient across the [O ii] nebula, as well as a high velocity dispersion of approximately 180 km s−1. ....

Western Australia , Planck Collaborationet Al , Library Of Fast Radiative Shock Models , Astrophysics Source Code Library , Sloan Digital Sky , Evolutionary Map , Australian Square Kilometre Array , Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder , Boolardy Engineering Test , Giant Meterwave Radio , Keck Cosmic Web Imager Integral Field , Fast Radiative Shock , Hubble Space Telescope , Source Code Library , Sloan Digital Sky Survey , Wide Field Infrared Survey Explorer ,

Minutes-duration optical flares with supernova luminosities

In recent years, certain luminous extragalactic optical transients have been observed to last only a few days1. Their short observed duration implies a different powering mechanism from the most common luminous extragalactic transients (supernovae), whose timescale is weeks2. Some short-duration transients, most notably AT2018cow (ref. 3), show blue optical colours and bright radio and X-ray emission4. Several AT2018cow-like transients have shown hints of a long-lived embedded energy source5, such as X-ray variability6,7, prolonged ultraviolet emission8, a tentative X-ray quasiperiodic oscillation9,10 and large energies coupled to fast (but subrelativistic) radio-emitting ejecta11,12. Here we report observations of minutes-duration optical flares in the aftermath of an AT2018cow-like transient, AT2022tsd (the ‘Tasmanian Devil’). The flares occur over a period of months, are highly energetic and are probably nonthermal, implying that they arise from a near-relativistic ....

South Korea , United States , United Kingdom , Ch Ungch Ong Bukto , Ugarte Postigo , Rivera Sandoval , International Astronomical Union , Astrophysics Source Code Library , Gildas Team , Ms High Energy Astrophysics Cambridge Univ , Thai National Telescope , Zwicky Transient Facility Bright , Spectroscopic Survey Of Transient Objects , Sloan Digital Sky , Astronomical Society Of The Pacific , Astronomical Data Analysis Software , Galactic Center , Large Array Survey Telescope , Dark Energy , Line Data Analysis Software , Discovery Report , Name Server Discovery Report , Automatic Learning , Rapid Classification , Name Server Astronote , Black Hole ,

Aligned grains and scattered light found in gaps of planet-forming disk

Polarized (sub)millimetre emission from dust grains in circumstellar disks was initially thought to be because of grains aligned with the magnetic field1,2. However, higher-resolution multi-wavelength observations3–5 and improved models6–10 found that this polarization is dominated by self-scattering at shorter wavelengths (for example, 870 µm) and by grains aligned with something other than magnetic fields at longer wavelengths (for example, 3 mm). Nevertheless, the polarization signal is expected to depend on the underlying substructure11–13, and observations until now have been unable to resolve polarization in multiple rings and gaps. HL Tau, a protoplanetary disk located 147.3 ± 0.5 pc away14, is the brightest class I or class II disk at millimetre–submillimetre wavelengths. Here we show deep, high-resolution polarization observations of HL Tau at 870 µm, resolving polarization in both the rings and ....

Monte Carlo , Le Gouellec , Gould Belt Distances Survey , Astrophysics Source Code Library , Long Baseline Campaign , Belt Distances Survey , Baseline Campaign , Disk Substructures , High Angular Resolution Project , Small Particles , Perseus Molecular , Astronomical Plotting Library ,

Moon-forming impactor as a source of Earth's basal mantle anomalies

Seismic images of Earth’s interior have revealed two continent-sized anomalies with low seismic velocities, known as the large low-velocity provinces (LLVPs), in the lowermost mantle1. The LLVPs are often interpreted as intrinsically dense heterogeneities that are compositionally distinct from the surrounding mantle2. Here we show that LLVPs may represent buried relics of Theia mantle material (TMM) that was preserved in proto-Earth’s mantle after the Moon-forming giant impact3. Our canonical giant-impact simulations show that a fraction of Theia’s mantle could have been delivered to proto-Earth’s solid lower mantle. We find that TMM is intrinsically 2.0–3.5% denser than proto-Earth’s mantle based on models of Theia’s mantle and the observed higher FeO content of the Moon. Our mantle convection models show that dense TMM blobs with a size of tens of kilometres after the impact can later sink and accumulate into LLVP-like thermochemical piles at ....

United States , Distrito Federal , Pacific Ocean , Astrophysics Source Code Library , American Geophysical Union , Giant Impact , Moon Forming Giant , Earth Like Moon Forming , Solid Earth , Mantle Boundary Region , Fluid Mech , Chartd Radiation , Analytic Equation , Sandia Report ,

A super-massive Neptune-sized planet

Neptune-sized planets exhibit a wide range of compositions and densities, depending on factors related to their formation and evolution history, such as the distance from their host stars and atmospheric escape processes. They can vary from relatively low-density planets with thick hydrogen–helium atmospheres1,2 to higher-density planets with a substantial amount of water or a rocky interior with a thinner atmosphere, such as HD 95338 b (ref. 3), TOI-849 b (ref. 4) and TOI-2196 b (ref. 5). The discovery of exoplanets in the hot-Neptune desert6, a region close to the host stars with a deficit of Neptune-sized planets, provides insights into the formation and evolution of planetary systems, including the existence of this region itself. Here we show observations of the transiting planet TOI-1853 b, which has a radius of 3.46 ± 0.08 Earth radii and orbits a dwarf star every 1.24 days. This planet has a mass of 73 ....

United States , Collier Cameron , Telescopio Carlos , Monte Carlo , Exoplanet Community Early Release Science Program , Ames Research Center , Photometric All Sky Survey , Mission Conference , International Astronomical Union , Sloan Digital Sky , Plato Mission Conference , Kepler Science Operations Center , Meeting Of The American Astronomical Society , Program Working Group Tfop Wg Sub , Smithsonian Institution , Astrophysics Source Code Library , Gaia Early Data Release , Protoplanetary Cloud , Interest Catalog , Kepler Data Processing Handbook , Research Center , Observing Program Working Group , Sub Group , American Astronomical Society , Cumbres Observatory , Space Sci ,