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Stripped-envelope supernova light curves argue for central engine activity

The luminosity of stripped-envelope supernovae, a common type of stellar explosion, is believed to be mainly driven by the radioactive decay of the nickel synthesized in the explosion and carried in its ejecta. Additional possible energy sources have been previously suggested1–5, in which the two most observationally based results have been from a comparison of the observed time-weighted luminosity with the inferred radioactive power1 and from a comparison of the light curves with particular theoretical models3. However, the former result1 was not statistically significant, and the latter3 is highly dependent on the specific models assumed. Here we analyse the energy budget of a sample of 54 well-observed stripped-envelope supernovae of all sub-types and present statistically significant, largely model-independent, observational evidence for a non-radioactive power source in most of them (and possibly in all). We consider various energy sources, or alternatively, plausible systematic errors, that could drive this result, and conclude that the most likely option is the existence of a long-lived central engine, operating over ≈103–106 s after the explosion. We infer, from the observations, constraints on the engine properties. If, for example, the central engine is a magnetized neutron star, then the initial magnetic field is ≈1015 G and the initial rotation period is 1–100 ms, suggesting that stripped-envelope supernovae may constitute the formation events of the objects known as magnetars. Analysis of the energy budget of a sample of 54 well-observed stripped-envelope supernovae of all sub-types shows statistically significant, largely model-independent, observational evidence for a non-radioactive power source in most of them.

Van-dyk , Zwicky-transient-facility-bright , Sloan-digital-sky , Properties-of-the-progenitor-stars , Lick-observatory-supernova-search , Sloan-digital-sky-survey , K-sample-anderson , Systematic-study , Mid-infrared-emission , Core-collapse-supernovae , Carnegie-supernova-project , Stellar-astrophysics

Largest 3D map of our universe could 'turn cosmology upside down'

Scientists using the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument have unveiled the largest 3D map of the universe ever. The results suggest that dark energy, the mysterious force pulling the universe apart, may be weakening, challenging prevailing theories of cosmology.

Arizona , United-states , Spain , Kitt-peak-national-observatory , Kyle-dawson , Nicholasu-mayall , Dillon-brout , Institute-for-high-energy-physics , Boston-university , Sloan-digital-sky , University-of-utah , Dark-energy-spectroscopic-instrument

Winds from supermassive black holes can stunt dwarf galaxy growth

New research showed strong winds blowing from supermassive black holes curtails stellar formation inside the dwarf galaxies where they reside.

Hawaii , United-states , California , Christina-manzano-king , Gabriela-canalizo , Sloan-digital-sky , University-of-california , Milky-way , Astrophysical-journal , Sloan-digital-sky-survey , Science ,

The world's most powerful camera is complete | BBC Science Focus Magazine

The world's largest digital camera ever built has been completed. But can it help solve some of the Universe's biggest mysteries?

Chile , France , Travis-lange , Verac-rubin , Jacqueline-ramseyer-orrell , Scientific-research , Sloan-digital-sky , National-institute-of-nuclear , National-accelerator-laboratory-jacqueline-ramseyer-orrell , National-center , National-accelerator-laboratory , University-of-washington

Cosmos | Scientists create largest 3D map of the cosmos: Probe on 'mysterious dark energy'

Cosmos | Scientists create largest 3D map of the cosmos: Probe on 'mysterious dark energy'
telegraphindia.com - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from telegraphindia.com Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.

Berkeley , California , United-states , Mumbai , Maharashtra , India , Shadab-alam , Michael-levi , Dark-energy-spectroscopic-instrument , Tata-institute-of-fundamental-research , Sloan-digital-sky , Lawrence-berkeley-national-laboratory

Largest 3D map of our universe could hint that dark energy evolves with time

Our leading model of the universe assumes dark energy to be constant across the universe and throughout time. Emerging evidence suggests that may not be the case.

Spain , Arizona , United-states , Kitt-peak-national-observatory , Nicholasu-mayall , Kyle-dawson , Dillon-brout , Boston-university , Sloan-digital-sky , Dark-energy-spectroscopic-instrument , Institute-for-high-energy-physics , University-of-utah

Largest 3D map of our universe could hint that dark energy evolves with time

Our leading model of the universe assumes dark energy to be constant across the universe and throughout time. Emerging evidence suggests that may not be the case.

Spain , Kitt-peak-national-observatory , Arizona , United-states , Nicholasu-mayall , Dillon-brout , Kyle-dawson , Institute-for-high-energy-physics , Sloan-digital-sky , Boston-university , University-of-utah , Dark-energy-spectroscopic-instrument

Astronomers map 1.3 million supermassive black holes

Ever wonder where all the supermassive black holes are? Now, with the largest catalog yet, you can see the locations of 1.3 million quasars.

Joseph-olmsted-stsc , David-hogg , Donostia-international-physics-center , Field-infrared , Sloan-digital-sky , European-space-agency , Flatiron-institute , Joseph-olmsted , Milky-way , Field-infrared-survey , Kate-storey-fisher , Donostia-international-physics

A shock flash breaking out of a dusty red supergiant

Shock-breakout emission is light that arises when a shockwave, generated by the core-collapse explosion of a massive star, passes through its outer envelope. Hitherto, the earliest detection of such a signal was at several hours after the explosion1, although a few others had been reported2–7. The temporal evolution of early light curves should provide insights into the shock propagation, including explosion asymmetry and environment in the vicinity, but this has been hampered by the lack of multiwavelength observations. Here we report the instant multiband observations of a type II supernova (SN 2023ixf) in the galaxy M101 (at a distance of 6.85 ± 0.15 Mpc; ref. 8), beginning at about 1.4 h after the explosion. The exploding star was a red supergiant with a radius of about 440 solar radii. The light curves evolved rapidly, on timescales of 1−2 h, and appeared unusually fainter and redder than predicted by the models9–11 within the first few hours, which we attribute to an optically thick dust shell before it was disrupted by the shockwave. We infer that the breakout and perhaps the distribution of the surrounding dust were not spherically symmetric. A type II supernova (SN 2023ixf) was observed in the galaxy M101 at a distance of 6.85 ± 0.15 Mpc, at about 1.0 h after the explosion.

United-states , American , American-astronomical-society-meeting-abstracts , Pipeline-for-the-antarctic-survey-telescope , Sloan-digital-sky , Antarctic-survey-telescope , Morgan , Photometric-all-sky-survey , Hubble-space-telescope , Discovery-report , Name-server-discovery-report

Watch this space: Milky Way's Shiva and Shakti, Saturn and Uranus's auroras | Technology News

Through meticulous analysis of star data from the Gaia mission and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, astronomers uncovered intriguing structures named Shiva and Shakti, shedding light on the galaxy's early evolution.

Norway , United-kingdom , Khyati-malhan , Hans-walter-rix , Max-planck-institute , Reading-university , European-space-agency-gaia , Sloan-digital-sky , European-space-agency , Milky-way , James-webb-space-telescope , Max-planck-institute-for-astronomy