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Tropical cyclone-specific mortality risks and the periods of concern: A multicountry time-series study

Author summary Why was this study done? Tropical cyclones (TCs), among the most destructive and costliest climate extreme events, are expected to be more intense due to climate change. Despite the widely acknowledged hazards, a consistent and quantitative assessment of the mortality risks of TC across countries is lacking. Such quantitative and comparable evidence across countries is urgently required to better understand the health effects and respond to the potentially increasing hazards. No previous studies have characterized the periods of concern (POC), exposure-response (ER) relationship, and temporal trends of the TC health risks, directly relevant to more precise and effective preparedness and mitigation strategies. What did the researchers do and find? Using mortality data from 494 TC-exposed locations in 18 countries or territories, we quantified the TC-specific mortality risks and POC of the 382 TC events that affected these locations. The ER relationships and temporal trends were then characterized for each country or territory. TC exposure was associated with a prolonged elevated risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality, with an overall average POC of around 20 days. The TC mortality risks and POC varied greatly across TC events, locations, and countries. Overall, the mortality risks increased approximately linearly with increasing TC-related maximum sustained windspeed or cumulative rainfall. Most studied countries or territories witnessed a decreasing TC-related mortality risks from 1980 to 2019, especially for the Philippines, Taiwan, and the USA, while potentially increasing TC-related all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risks were observed for Japan. What do these findings mean? TC events can exhibit significant variations in their risk patterns, and future risk assessments may need to better account for this large across-TC variability. Targeted and evidence-based disaster management and preparedness strategies need to be developed for different countries to more effectively mitigate the TC hazards. Key study limitations include potential exposure misclassification errors, residual confounding, and limited generalizability.

United-states , Philippines , Japan , Germany , South-korea , New-zealand , Australia , Puerto-rico , Brazil , Canada , United-kingdom , Vietnam

Suicide rates jumped after extreme drought in the Murray-Darling Basin – we have to do better as climate change intensifies

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Australia , Australian , Zyite-zyitegadgets , National-cause-of-death-unit-record-file , New-south , Millennium-drought , Murray-darling , National-cause , Death-unit-record-file , Australian-coordinating-registry , First-nations , Report-the

Mortality risks associated with floods in 761 communities worldwide: time series study

Objective To evaluate lag-response associations and effect modifications of exposure to floods with risks of all cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality on a global scale.

Design Time series study.

Setting 761 communities in 35 countries or territories with at least one flood event during the study period.

Participants Multi-Country Multi-City Collaborative Research Network database, Australian Cause of Death Unit Record File, New Zealand Integrated Data Infrastructure, and the International Network for the Demographic Evaluation of Populations and their Health Network database.

Main outcome measures The main outcome was daily counts of deaths. An estimation for the lag-response association between flood and daily mortality risk was modelled, and the relative risks over the lag period were cumulated to calculate overall effects. Attributable fractions of mortality due to floods were further calculated. A quasi-Poisson model with a distributed lag non-linear function was used to examine how daily death risk was associated with flooded days in each community, and then the community specific associations were pooled using random effects multivariate meta-analyses. Flooded days were defined as days from the start date to the end date of flood events.

Results A total of 47.6 million all cause deaths, 11.1 million cardiovascular deaths, and 4.9 million respiratory deaths were analysed. Over the 761 communities, mortality risks increased and persisted for up to 60 days (50 days for cardiovascular mortality) after a flooded day. The cumulative relative risks for all cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality were 1.021 (95% confidence interval 1.006 to 1.036), 1.026 (1.005 to 1.047), and 1.049 (1.008 to 1.092), respectively. The associations varied across countries or territories and regions. The flood-mortality associations appeared to be modified by climate type and were stronger in low income countries and in populations with a low human development index or high proportion of older people. In communities impacted by flood, up to 0.10% of all cause deaths, 0.18% of cardiovascular deaths, and 0.41% of respiratory deaths were attributed to floods.

Conclusions This study found that the risks of all cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality increased for up to 60 days after exposure to flood and the associations could vary by local climate type, socioeconomic status, and older age.

No additional data available.

New-zealand , Bristol , City-of , United-kingdom , Czech-republic , Philippines , United-states , China , Australia , Bangladesh , Beijing , Portugal

Suicide Rates Jumped After Extreme Drought In The Murray-Darling Basin We Have To Do Better As Climate Change Intensifies

Suicide Rates Jumped After Extreme Drought In The Murray-Darling Basin We Have To Do Better As Climate Change Intensifies
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Australia , Australian , National-cause-of-death-unit-record-file , National-mortality-database , New-south , Mortality-database , Millennium-drought , Murray-darling , National-cause , Death-unit-record-file , Australian-coordinating-registry

Suicide rates jumped after extreme drought in the Murray-Darling Basin, researchers find

Suicide rates jumped after extreme drought in the Murray-Darling Basin, researchers find
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Australia , Australian , National-cause-of-death-unit-record-file , National-mortality-database , Mortality-database , Murray-darling-basin , New-south , Millennium-drought , Murray-darling , National-cause , Death-unit-record-file

"Association between Malnutrition and Delirium in Older Chronic Kidney " by Ezinne O. Igwe, P. Ding et al.

Background: Independently, malnutrition and delirium in older hospitalised adults is prevalent. However, there is limited evidence on the association between these two conditions in older hospitalised adults with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Objectives: To determine the association between malnutrition and delirium in older CKD patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU). Methods: This data linkage study utilised administrative data from New South Wales (NSW) hospitals in Australia between 2017 and 2020. Admitted patient data was linked with Cause of Death Unit Record File, and NSW Registry of Deaths (RBD). The study population comprised all CKD patients aged 65 and over admitted to ICUs. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise patient characteristics. Binary logistic tested for association between malnutrition and delirium. Results: The study population included 748 CKD patients with a total 948 admissions in the study period. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) was used to code for all outcomes and comorbidities. The incidence of delirium was 15.5% (n=141) and malnutrition was recorded in 11.3% (n=103) across all admissions. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) of a delirium diagnosis was 2.07 (95% CI: 1.27–3.39) for CKD patients that were malnourished compared to non-malnourished CKD patients. Conclusions: This study showed a significant association between delirium and malnutrition in older CKD patients admitted to ICU. Management of malnutrition could be critical in reducing the risk of delirium in older hospitalized patients with CKD. Additionally, more education and awareness around delirium and its association with malnutrition are needed in clinical practice.

Australia , International-statistical-classification-of-diseases , Health-problems , New-south-wales , Death-unit-record-file , International-statistical-classification , Related-health-problems , Administrative-data , Hronic-kidney-disease , Elirium , Ntensive-care-unit

New Report: Five Drug-Induced Deaths Daily in Australia

New Report: Five Drug-Induced Deaths Daily in Australia
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Sydney , New-south-wales , Australia , Australian , Australians , Melanie-walker , Amy-peacock , Australian-bureau-of-statistics , Drug-trends-program , Alcohol-research-centre , National-alcohol , National-drug