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The 2023 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: the imperative for a health-centred response in a world facing irreversible harms

The 2023 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: the imperative for a health-centred response in a world facing irreversible harms
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Charmes , Rhôalpes , France , Macedonia , Alaska , United-states , Kural , Punjab , Pakistan , Amsterdam , Noord-holland , Netherlands

Accelerating the energy transition towards photovoltaic and wind in China | REVE News of the wind sector in Spain and in the world

Accelerating the energy transition towards photovoltaic and wind in China | REVE News of the wind sector in Spain and in the world
evwind.es - get the latest breaking news, showbiz & celebrity photos, sport news & rumours, viral videos and top stories from evwind.es Daily Mail and Mail on Sunday newspapers.

Xinjiang , Jiangxi , China , Saclay , France-general- , France , Ningxia , Shenzhen , Guangdong , Cambridge , Cambridgeshire , United-kingdom

Frontiers | Green economy studies amongst the global climate change challenge between 2016 and 2022: a bibliometric review

Practical and theoretical advancements have not caught pace with rising scientific researches in the rapidly emerging economy undertaking a shift to a more sustainable economy, particularly green economy. After the UN adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, there has been a surge in interest in the green economy among academics around the world, and the literature on the issue is proliferating. This paper adopts the methodology of systematic review and thematic analysis to summarize the relevant literature on areas related to the theme of green economy. The literature was obtained from the Web of Science database and the literature was analyzed using VOSviewer as well as the R language to couple the literature by keywords, country, affiliation, author, publication. The findings of the current paper show that the green economy has received more academic attention from scholars after 2016. The green economy is relatively leading in Asia and Europe. In the context of climate change, future research is anticipated to concentrate on establishing a green economy for global economic growth. This paper makes a substantial contribution to future research on the green economy.

United-kingdom , South-korea , Russia , Berlin , Germany , Malaysia , Tamo , Sabah , Turkey , Laos , India , Spain

Bioenergy-induced land-use-change emissions with sectorally fragmented policies

Controlling bioenergy-induced land-use-change emissions is key to exploiting bioenergy for climate change mitigation. However, the effect of different land-use and energy sector policies on specific bioenergy emissions has not been studied so far. Using the global integrated assessment model REMIND-MAgPIE, we derive a biofuel emission factor (EF) for different policy frameworks. We find that a uniform price on emissions from both sectors keeps biofuel emissions at 12 kg CO2 GJ−1. However, without land-use regulation, the EF increases substantially (64 kg CO2 GJ−1 over 80 years, 92 kg CO2 GJ−1 over 30 years). We also find that comprehensive coverage (>90%) of carbon-rich land areas worldwide is key to containing land-use emissions. Pricing emissions indirectly on the level of bioenergy consumption reduces total emissions by cutting bioenergy demand but fails to reduce the average EF. In the absence of comprehensive and timely land-use regulation, bioenergy thus may contribute less to climate change mitigation than assumed previously. Bioenergy has been widely viewed as an alternative for fossil fuels and an option for carbon dioxide removal, but there are doubts given the induced land-use changes. This study shows the importance of uniform regulation and comprehensive coverage of carbon-rich areas in reducing total emissions.

Brazil , China , Cambridge , Cambridgeshire , United-kingdom , Brazilian , North-west-europe , Brennstoffe-umweltbundesamt , European-renewable-energy-directive , European-parliament , Ipcc , World-bank

Frontiers | Evidence of the Middle-Income Trap in Latin American Countries: Factor Analysis Approach Using Regression and the ARDL Model

The middle-income trap (MIT) is often accompanied by the decline or stagnation of economic growth, unreasonable domestic industrial structure, and serious polarization be-tween the rich and the poor. However, due to different international environments, different specific national conditions, and different development policies adopted by each country, the manner in which to get out of the MIT varies. Transforming the mode of economic growth and realizing sustainable economic development is an important means for a country or region to escape from the "trap" of economic stagnation. This study carries out an analysis of different economic growth factors of Latin America countries (we selected 19 MIT countries out of 33) and compared them with Singapore and Korea, which are in a high-income range. We used a regression model to find the relationship of variables in each country and the impact on the economic growth due to these variables. The study finds using correlation and regression analysis, that trade and foreign direct in-vestment (FDI) play a major role in avoiding the MIT by having a strong regression with gross domestic product (GDP) for high-income countries while having a weak regression in Latin American countries. Another factor is that industrialization and services export play a vital role in avoiding the MIT in Singapore and South Korea, and the same model should be used in Latin American countries to avoid the MIT. Furthermore, using the ARDL model we validated the results of a regression model and established that similar factors are impacting Latin American countries’ MIT. Correlation analysis is used to determine the relationship of selected factors and their impacting strength on the growth of an economy. In the final section, we present to Latin American countries, their main policy gaps according to their unique characteristics and recommend policy with suggestions for avoiding the MIT by comparing their economies with those of high-income countries.

Honduras , United-states , United-kingdom , Brazil , Antarctica , China , Portugal , Jamaica , Kuchiki , Nagasaki , Japan , Nicaragua

Frontiers | The Impact of Household Cooking Fuel Choice on Healthcare Expenditure in Ghana

This paper investigates the impact of household cooking fuel choice on household healthcare expenditure as well as the socioeconomic and demographic factors that influence household healthcare expenditure. We employed the Tobit regression technique and data from the sixth and seventh rounds of the Ghana Living Standards Survey conducted in 2012/13 and 2016/17 respectively. The results indicate that in 2012/13, relative to households using wood as cooking fuel, households using charcoal and liquefied petroleum gas are 54.40 and 115.09 percentage points less likely to spend on healthcare services. However, the figure reduced to 28.15 and 103.25 percentage points in 2016/17 attributable possibly to a reduction in biomass energy use resulting from government liquefied petroleum gas promotion programs which helped households transition to the use of cleaner fuels. Age, education, illness reporting of household head, total household expenditure, household size and region of residence were found to be the determinants of household healthcare expenditure. Policy choices should focus on the use of cleaner fuel options including sustaining and extending the rural LPG promotion programme as well as reducing the use of dirty fuels.

Ghana , Karimu , Nigeria-general- , Nigeria , Burkina-faso , United-states , Paris , France-general- , France , Bundelkhand , Madhya-pradesh , India

Frontiers | Exploring the Effects of Natural Capital Depletion and Natural Disasters on Happiness and Human Wellbeing: A Study in China

Since recent climate change has caused more natural disasters than ever before, there is a worldwide concern that this could have both short-term and long-term economic and health consequences. Perhaps, this is the first attempt to explores the effects of natural capital and natural disasters on the human health & wellbeing of China over the period 1993–2020. The study has compiled data from World Bank, World Value Survey, UNDP, EM-DAT, and IMF for analysis. The empirical analysis is done by using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. Empirical results prove that natural capital has a positive and significant effect on happiness, health, and human wellbeing in the long-run. The results also show that natural disasters significantly reduce happiness and human well-being in the long-run. The results recommend some important policy implications.

South-korea , Genfu , Taegu-gwangyoksi , Desal , Balochistan , Pakistan , Washington , United-states , Islamabad , China , Lizhi , Sichuan

Frontiers | Determinants of Adoption and the Type of Solar PV Technology Adopted in Rural Pakistan

The electricity crisis in Pakistan is triggering grid power outage (load shedding) for many decades, which has not only affected the commercial and industrial sectors but also the domestic sector, specifically the livelihood of rural areas of the country. However, the extant literature advocates that renewable energy technologies, such as solar photovoltaic (PV) can be the remedy. Given the abundantly availability of solar energy in Pakistan that can be converted into electrical energy using solar photovoltaic (PV) systems, this study examines the determinants of solar PV adoption in rural areas of Pakistan. Our preliminary investigations – using government/official publications – indicate that despite a huge potential of solar energy in Pakistan, the usage of solar PV at household level in rural areas is still untapped, which makes this research agenda more appealing and provocative. In doing so, this study first conducts surveys, face-to-face comprehensive interviews, and questionnaires in four different districts of Pakistan and then implements a stepwise two-stage novel approach on a sample of 1140 selected rural households. The first stage focuses on the determinants of solar PV adoption, whereas the second stage focuses on the determinants of the type of solar PV adopted. Using logistic regression, this study finds that age, education, children-in-school, income-level, access-to-credit, gender (female), and price of solar-PV system are the factors significantly affecting the solar-PV adoption. In the second stage, we employ multivariate probit model and find that among these significant factors, the former five are significantly positive for the uptake of solar home-system, whereas the latter two are significant for both solar shed-lighting and solar panel-kit systems. In addition to these factors, landholding and access-to-road are significant for solar home-system, whereas household size, distance-to-market, and access-to-grid-electricity are significant for both solar shed-lighting and solar panel-kit systems. Since burning fossil fuel and solid biomass fuels for domestic energy needs are common in rural areas globally that cause carbon emission and several severe health issues, the findings of this study are useful in many ways. In specific, we contribute to the literature examining the determinants of renewable energy technologies in rural communities in developing countries.

Pakistan , Lakki-marwat , North-west-frontier , Burkina-faso , Australia , United-states , Niger , United-kingdom , Hong-kong , Paris , France-general- , France

Frontiers | Do Oil Price Shocks Matter for Environmental Degradation? Evidence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve in GCC Countries

This paper aims to examine the asymmetric impact of oil price shocks on environmental degradation for a panel of six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries from 1996 to 2016. We use dynamic seemingly unrelated regressions (DSUR) approach that considers cross-sectional dependency to reveal the interrelations between oil price shocks and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The finding shows that the positive shocks of oil prices have a statistically significant negative effect on CO2 emissions, while negative shocks of oil prices did not affect CO2 emissions. More specifically, the positive oil price shocks have negatively influenced the CO2 emissions in Oman, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and United Emirates Arab. In turn, the most negative effect is found in Qatar and Saudi Arabia. Meanwhile, the negative shocks of oil prices have statistically significant effects on the CO2 emission of Oman and Saudi Arabia. While for other countries, it does not have a significant impact. Also, the results support an environmental Kuznets curve in Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates; in contrast, the hypothesis was rejected in Bahrain and Oman. This study could help policymakers adopt renewable energy policies and use energy-saving technologies to sustain economic development and improve environmental quality.

Tanha , Tuyêquang , Vietnam , Republic-of , Kuwait , China , Qatar , Australia , Lusail , Baladiyat-az-za-ayin , Dubai , Dubayy

Frontiers | Financial Risk, Renewable Energy Technology Budgets, and Environmental Sustainability: Is Going Green Possible?

Since the industrial revolution, countries have been facing the issue of climate change and environmental degradation. It is widely believed that the investment in research and development of renewable energy can play a pivotal role in fighting against climate change. However, the financial risk also increases, which can influence renewable energy technology R&D budgets and environmental sustainability. Nevertheless, the current literature is silent on the linkage between financial risk, renewable energy technology budgets, and environmental quality. Against this backdrop, this article attempts to explore the dynamic linage between financial risk, renewable energy technology budgets, and ecological footprint under the Environment Kuznets Curve (EKC) framework in Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries. For this purpose, yearly data from 1984 to 2018 is employed using the advanced panel data estimation methods that address the slope heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence issues. The results indicate that improvement in the financial risk index significantly decreases footprints, and renewable energy technology budgets also promote environmental sustainability. Economic globalization poses a significant negative effect on the ecological footprint, while energy consumption adds to the footprint. Moreover, the findings validated the EKC hypothesis in OECD countries. In addition, a unidirectional causality is detected from financial risk to renewable technology energy budgets, while bidirectional causality exists between financial risk and ecological footprint, and between financial risk, and economic growth. Based on the empirical findings, policy suggestions are presented to promote environmental sustainability.

China , Australia , Japan , Kanat , Tverskaya-oblast- , Russia , Slovak-republic , United-states , Paris , France-general- , France , United-kingdom