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Target Audience and Goal Statement: Neurologists The goal of this study was to assess a diagnostic test that stratifies epileptic seizures from psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) by developing a multimodal algorithm that integrates plasma concentrations of selected immune response-associated proteins and patient clinical risk factors for seizure. Question Addressed: Study Synopsis and Perspective: Epilepsy affects over 70 million people worldwide. This common brain condition has multiple risk factors and a strong genetic predisposition. Action Points Four immune response-associated pro...

A blood test differentiated epileptic from psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES), a small study suggested. Four immune response associated proteins -- TRAIL, ICAM-1, MCP-2, and TNF-R1 -- distinguished PNES from epileptic seizures with sensitivity of 82.6% (95% CI 62.9-93.0) and specificity of 91.6% (95% CI 74.2-97.7) when analyzed in a diagnostic algorithm, reported Peter Crino, MD, PhD, of University of Maryland in Baltimore, and co-authors. Expanding the algorithm to include previously identified PNES risk factors boosted sensitivity to 91.3% (95% CI 73.2-97.6) and specificity to 95...