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Causes of concrete and asphalt deterioration explained

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IMAGE: CT scans showing cracks in damaged concrete. A and B show cracks in the first layer while C and D show cracks in the second layer. GBS, GHY, TMS, MS.
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Credit: Akihiro Moriyoshi, et al. PLOS ONE. May 13, 2021
Scientists reveal that the deterioration of modern concrete and asphalt structures is due to the presence of trace quantities of organic matter in these structures.
Cement and asphalt are vital to modern construction materials; cement is used for the construction of various buildings and structures, while asphalt is primarily used for highways and runways. They have been widely used for these purposes since the 1800s. It has been observed modern concrete structures and asphalt structures tend to deteriorate much faster than historical structures, but the reason for this phenomenon was unknown. ....

Akihiro Moriyoshi , Professor Hokkaido University , Emeritus Professor Hokkaido University , Technology Engineering Computer Science , Civil Engineering ,

To prevent next pandemic, scientists say we must regulate air like food and water

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IMAGE: A tangle of ducted air pipes are connected to a portable air unit being used to air condition a large hall.
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Credit: Martin Visser, Unsplash
Humans in the 21st century spend most of their time indoors, but the air we breathe inside buildings is not regulated to the same degree as the food we eat and the water we drink. A group of 39 researchers from 14 countries, including two from the University of Colorado Boulder, say that needs to change to reduce disease transmission and prevent the next pandemic.
In a Perspectives piece published in
Science May 14, they call for a paradigm shift in combating airborne pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, demanding universal recognition that respiratory infections can be prevented by improving indoor ventilation systems. ....

United States , United Kingdom , City Of , Ignaz Semmelweis , William Wells , Shelly Miller , Lidia Morawska , Jose Luis Jimenez , Charles Chapin , John Snow , Institute Of Research Sciences , University Of Colorado Boulder , World Health Organization , Colorado Boulder , Science May , Cooperative Institute , Research Sciences , Queensland University , International Laboratory , Air Quality , Medicine Health , Infectious Emerging Diseases , Public Health , Technology Engineering Computer Science , Biomedical Environmental Chemical Engineering , Mechanical Engineering ,

Making AI algorithms show their work

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IMAGE: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Assistant Professor Peter Koo in his lab with graduate student Shushan Toneyan. Koo s team studies how machine learning AI called deep neural networks (DNNs) work. He.
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Credit: ©Gina Motisi, 2020/CSHL
Artificial intelligence (AI) learning machines can be trained to solve problems and puzzles on their own instead of using rules that we made for them. But often, researchers do not know what rules the machines make for themselves. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) Assistant Professor Peter Koo developed a new method that quizzes a machine-learning program to figure out what rules it learned on its own and if they are the right ones. ....

Peter Koo , Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory , Spring Harbor Laboratory , Assistant Professor Peter Koo , Residual Bind , Global Importance Analysis , Technology Engineering Computer Science , Robotry Artificial Intelligence , பீட்டர் கூ , குளிர் வசந்த துறைமுகம் ஆய்வகம் , வசந்த துறைமுகம் ஆய்வகம் ,

Two-in-one: Wide-angle monitoring meets high-resolution capture in new camera platform

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IMAGE: Researchers from Shibaura Institute of Technology, Japan design a dual camera-based platform employing an omnidirectional camera for target detection and a separate camera for its high-resolution capture and report an.
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Credit: Shibaura Institute of Technology, Japan
If you re a fan of spy movies, you ve probably come across scenes where the intelligence agents try to identify or detect a perpetrator using some sophisticated image enhancement technology on surveillance camera images. While the idea behind surveillance cameras and object detection is the same in real life, unlike in movies, there is often a trade-off between the camera s field-of-view and its resolution. ....

Masaya Tamaki , Chinthaka Premachandra , Top Global University , Tokyo Higher School Of Industry , Shibaura Institute Of Technology , Ministry Of Education , Shibaura Institute , Raspberry Pi Camera Modules , Hybrid Camera System , Target Objects , Tokyo Higher School , Top Global University Project , Technology Engineering Computer Science , Computer Science , Multimedia Networking Interface Design , Software Engineering , System Security Hackers , Electrical Engineering Electronics , Mechanical Engineering , Robotry Artificial Intelligence , மேல் உலகளாவிய பல்கலைக்கழகம் , டோக்கியோ அதிக பள்ளி ஆஃப் தொழில் , அமைச்சகம் ஆஃப் கல்வி , ர்யாஸ்‌பெரீ பி புகைப்பட கருவி தொகுதிகள் , இலக்கு பொருள்கள் , டோக்கியோ அதிக பள்ளி ,

Southern African dinosaur had irregular growth

Credit: Dorling Kindersley
Anyone who s raised a child or a pet will know just how fast and how steady their growth seems to be. You leave for a few days on a work trip and when you come home the child seems to have grown 10cm! That s all well and good for the modern household, but how did dinosaurs grow up? Did they, too, surprise their parents with their non-stop growth?
A new study lead by Dr Kimberley Chapelle of the American Museum of Natural History in New York City and Honorary Research Fellow at the University of the Witwatersrand suggests NOT. At least for one iconic southern African dinosaur species. By looking at the fossil thigh bones under a microscope, researchers can count growth lines, like those of a tree. This allows them to study how much the individuals grew each year. By looking at growth rings in the bones of Massospondylus carinatus, Dr Chapelle was able to show that its growth varied season-to-season, more like a tree than a puppy or a baby human. ....

New York , United States , American Museum Of Natural History , Jonah Choiniere , Kimberley Chapelle , Jennifer Botha , Honorary Research , National Museum , Professor At Wits University , University Of The Witwatersrand , American Museum , Natural History , New York City , Honorary Research Fellow , Early Jurassic , Triassic Mass Extinction , Southern African , Wits University , Zoology Veterinary Science , Technology Engineering Computer Science , புதியது யார்க் , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , அமெரிக்கன் அருங்காட்சியகம் ஆஃப் இயற்கை வரலாறு , கிம்‌பர்லீ சேப்பல் , ஜெனிபர் போத்தா , க .ரவ ஆராய்ச்சி ,