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Immune cells imperfect at distinguishing between friend and foe, study suggests


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When it comes to distinguishing a healthy cell from an infected one that needs to be destroyed, the immune system s killer T cells sometimes make mistakes.
This discovery, described today in
eLife, upends a long-held belief among scientists that T cells were nearly perfect at discriminating friend from foe. The results may point to new ways to treat autoimmune diseases that cause the immune system to attack the body, or lead to improvements in cutting-edge cancer treatments.
It is widely believed that T cells can discriminate perfectly between infected cells and healthy ones based on how tightly they are able to bind to molecules called antigens on the surface of each. They bind tightly to antigens derived from viruses or bacteria, but less tightly to our own antigens on normal cells. But recent studies by scientists looking at autoimmune diseases suggest that T cells can attack otherwise normal cells if they express unusually large numbers of our own ant ....

United Kingdom , Johannes Pettmann , Omer Dushek , Emily Packer , Anna Huhn , University Of Oxford , Alice Wallenberg Foundation , Sir William Dunn School Of Pathology , Senior Research Fellow In Basic Biomedical Sciences , Times Higher Education World University Rankings , Radcliffe Department Of Medicine , Oxford University Innovation , Max Planck Society , Oxford University , Kennedy Institute , Howard Hughes Medical Institute , Sir William Dunn School , Radcliffe Department , Enas Abu Shah , Postdoctoral Fellow , Associate Professor , Senior Research Fellow , Basic Biomedical Sciences , Wellcome Trust , Media Relations Manager , Systems Biology ,

Elie Metchnikoff, the Man and the Myth - FullText - Journal of Innate Immunity 2016, Vol. 8, No. 3


Abstract
The year 2016 marks the centenary of the death of Elie Metchnikoff, the father of innate immunity and discoverer of the significance of phagocytosis in development, homeostasis and disease. Through a series of intravital experiments on invertebrates and vertebrates, he described the role of specialised phagocytic cells, macrophages and microphages, subsequently renamed neutrophils and polymorphonuclear leucocytes, in the host response to injury, inflammation, infection and tissue repair. As a vigorous proponent of cellular immunity, he championed its importance versus humoral immunity in the so-called antibody wars. By 1908, when the Nobel Prize was awarded to Elie Metchnikoff and Paul Ehrlich, this debate was not yet resolved. Even earlier, Metchnikoff had turned his research interests to the process of ageing and the possible link to intestinal auto-intoxication, giving rise to the current interest in the microbiome of the gut and the use of probiotics to promote he ....

New York , United States , France General , City Of , United Kingdom , Rockefeller University , Kharkivs Ka Oblast , Odes Ka Oblast , Royal Society , Arkhangel Skaya Oblast , Lev Nevakhovich , Waldemar Haffkine , Kegan Paul , Institut Pasteur , Ernst Haeckel , Ilia Ivanovitch Metchnikoff , Lili Remy , Emile Remy , Louis Pasteur , Alexandre Besredka , Emile Roux , Emilia Lvovna , Ray Lankester , Hermann Kyrychenko , Joseph Lister , Elie Metchnikoff ,

Ascend announces medical advisory board for Acteev technology


Ascend announces medical advisory board for Acteev technology
Comprising experts in the fields of PPE, viral pathology, epidemiology and infectious diseases, it will provide scientific review and advice on end applications.
23rd December 2020
Ascend Performance Materials has appointed a medical advisory board to provide counsel on its Acteev technology platform. Comprising internationally recognized experts in the fields of PPE evaluation, viral pathology, epidemiology and infectious diseases, the board will provide scientific review and advice on end applications of Acteev technology, including masks, filtration, fabrics and engineered plastics.
“This medical advisory board brings together some of the most distinguished researchers and medical experts from around the world,” said Dr. Vikram Gopal, Ascend’s senior vice president and chief technology officer. “We launched Acteev as a novel way to help fight the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, and this team ....

United States , New South Wales , United Kingdom , Bruxelles Capitale , C Raina Macintyre , Vikram Gopal , Karoll Cortez , Christopher Mcdevitt , Duke University School Of Medicine , National Institute Of Health , National Cancer Institute , National Institute Of Allergy , University Of Queensland , Kirby Institute For Infection , Greater Baltimore Medical Center , University Of Sydney , University Of Cambridge , Department Of Microbiology , Australian Research Council Future , Radiological Health , University Of Melbourne , Australian National University , University Of Oxford , Sir William Dunn School Of Pathology , Chemical Biology Of Bacterial Pathogens Laboratory , Drug Administration ,