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Placenta is a dumping ground for genetic defects

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In the first study of the genomic architecture of the human placenta, scientists at the Wellcome Sanger Institute, the University of Cambridge and their collaborators have confirmed that the normal structure of the placenta is different to any other human organ and resembles that of a tumour, harbouring many of the same genetic mutations found in childhood cancers.
The study, published today (10 March 2021) in
Nature, found evidence to support the theory of the placenta as a dumping ground for genetic defects, whereas the fetus corrects or avoids these errors. The findings provide a clear rationale for studying the association between genetic aberrations and birth outcomes, in order to better understand problems such as premature birth and stillbirth. ....

United Kingdom , Rashesh Sanghvi , Matthew Midgley , Sam Behjati , Steve Charnock Jones , Thomasrw Oliver , Timhh Coorens , Gordon Smith , Biomedical Research Centres , Wellcome Sanger Institute , Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre , Society For Endocrinology , University Of Cambridge , National Institute For Health Research , Department Of Health , Development Assistance , Sanger Institute , Pregnancy Outcome Prediction , National Institute , Health Research , Cambridge Biomedical Research , Official Development Assistance , Biomedical Research Centre , Cambridge Biomedical Campus , Cell Biology , Developmental Reproductive Biology ,

DNA reveals ancient Croatian massacre was an indiscriminate killing

A genetic analysis of prehistoric remains found in a mass grave in Croatia reveals the victims were men, women and children with few family links, suggesting an indiscriminate massacre ....

Mario Novak , Karina Shah , Institute For Anthropological Research , Scientist Default Image , Anthropological Research , Anatolian Neolithic , Western European , Mass Grave , மரியோ நோவாக் , கரினா ஷா , நிறுவனம் க்கு மானுடவியல் ஆராய்ச்சி , விஞ்ஞானி இயல்புநிலை படம் , மானுடவியல் ஆராய்ச்சி , மேற்கு ஐரோப்பிய , நிறை கல்லறை ,

With gene therapy, scientists develop opioid-free solution for chronic pain

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A gene therapy for chronic pain could offer a safer, non-addictive alternative to opioids. Researchers at the University of California San Diego developed the new therapy, which works by temporarily repressing a gene involved in sensing pain. It increased pain tolerance in mice, lowered their sensitivity to pain and provided months of pain relief without causing numbness.
The researchers report their findings in a paper published Mar. 10 in
Science Translational Medicine.
The gene therapy could be used to treat a broad range of chronic pain conditions, from lower back pain to rare neuropathic pain disorders conditions for which opioid painkillers are the current standard of care. ....

San Diego , United States , University Of California San Diego , Robertf Hevner , Daniella Mcdonald , Tony Yaksh , Amir Dailamy , Fernando Alem , Saraha Woller , Jonathan Palmer , Amandaj Robers , Glaucilenef Catroli , Matthew Hunt , Ian Dryden , National Institutes Of Health , Uc San Diego Jacobs School Of Engineering , Uc San Diego School Of Medicine , California San Diego , Science Translational , Dana Moreno , Diego Jacobs School , Prashant Mali , Navega Therapeutics , Diego School , Andrew Pla , Udit Parekh ,

Demystifying the 'Parkinson Protein'

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IMAGE: Scientists from the University of Konstanz and the Free University of Amsterdam, in collaboration with the Bruker BioSpin development team, have succeeded for the first time in the direct spectroscopic.
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Credit: Malte Drescher Lab - University of Konstanz
The protein α-synuclein is one of the most abundant proteins in the human brain. It is often referred to as the Parkinson protein , as deposition of this protein in brain cells is a hallmark of Parkinson s disease. Despite the high interest of biomedical research in the protein, many questions concerning the function and physiology of α-synuclein in living cells still remain to be answered. For example, it was previously unclear whether and to what extent the protein binds to and interacts with internal cell components such as membranes. As such processes could play a role in the development of the disease, the team led by Konstanz-based physical chemist Professor Malte Dresch ....

Baden Wuberg , Theresas Braun , Patrick Carl , Vinod Subramaniam , Bruker Biospin , Sylwia Kacprzak , Juliane Stehle , Theresa Braun , Konstanz Collaborative Research Centre , German Research Foundation , European Union , Free University Of Amsterdam Netherlands , European Research Council , University Of Konstanz , Professor Malte Drescher , Physical Chemistry , Malte Drescher , Intracellular Protein Lipid Interactions Studied , Free University , Cell Biology , Atomic Molecular Particle Physics , Medicine Health , Parkinsons Disease , தெரேசாஸ் மூளை , பேட்ரிக் கார்ல் , வினோத் சுப்ரமணியம் ,

The 3Rs of the genome: Reading, writing, and regulating

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IMAGE: Researchers have precisely mapped the binding locations of over 400 proteins on the yeast genome using ChIP-exo. The method (top) uses an antibody to fish out a specific DNA-bound protein.
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Credit: Pugh Lab, Cornell and Mahony Lab, Penn State
A massive effort to map the precise binding locations of over 400 different kinds of proteins on the yeast genome has produced the most thorough and high-resolution map of chromosome architecture and gene regulation to date. The study reveals two distinct gene regulatory architectures, expanding the traditional model of gene regulation. So-called constitutive genes, those that perform basic housekeeping functions and are nearly always active at low levels require only a basic set of regulatory controls; whereas those that that are activated by environmental signals, known as inducible genes, have a more specialized architecture. This finding in yeast could open the door to a better unders ....

Prashantk Kuntala , Nitika Badjatia , Ninap Farrell , Katelyns Mistretta , Joshuad Mairose , Matthewj Rossi , Grettad Kellogg , Kylie Bocklund , Thomasr Blanda , Naomi Yamada , Emilys Perkinson , Chitvan Mittal , Shaun Mahony , Davidj Rocco , Williamkm Lai , B Franklin Pugh , Penn State Institute For Computational , Us National Institutes Of Health , Data Sciences , Cornell University , Us National Science Foundation , Penn State , Guray Kuzu , Science Foundation , Penn State Institute , Advanced Cyberinfrastructure ,