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Tiny population of neurons may have big role in depression

Credit: Phil Jones, freelance photographer
A tiny population of neurons known to be important to appetite appear to also have a significant role in depression that results from unpredictable, chronic stress, scientists say.
These AgRP neurons reside exclusively in the bottom portion of the hypothalamus called the arcuate nucleus, or ARC, and are known to be important to energy homeostasis in the body as well prompting us to pick up a fork when we are hungry and see food.
Now Medical College of Georgia scientists and their colleagues report the first evidence that, not short-term stress, like a series of tough college exams, rather chronic, unpredictable stress like that which erupts in our personal and professional lives, induces changes in the function of AgRP neurons that may contribute to depression, they write. ....

United States , Xin Yun Lu , Xing Fang , National Institute Of Mental Health , Augusta University , College Of Georgia , National Institutes Of Health , University Of Southern California , Department Of Neuroscience , Medical College , Regenerative Medicine , Georgia Research Alliance Eminent Scholar , National Institute , Mental Health , Graduate School , National Institutes , Cell Biology , Medicine Health , Public Health , Depression Anger , Stress Anxiety , ஒன்றுபட்டது மாநிலங்களில் , க்ஷின் யுன் லு , க்ஷிங் ஃப்யாஂக் , தேசிய நிறுவனம் ஆஃப் மன ஆரோக்கியம் , அகஸ்டா பல்கலைக்கழகம் ,

How a single gene alteration may have separated modern humans from predecessors

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IMAGE: Neanderthal-ized brain organoids (left) look very different than modern human brain organoids (right) they have a distinctly different shape, and differ in the way their cells proliferate and how.
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Credit: UC San Diego Health Sciences
As a professor of pediatrics and cellular and molecular medicine at University of California San Diego School of Medicine, Alysson R. Muotri, PhD, has long studied how the brain develops and what goes wrong in neurological disorders. For almost as long, he has also been curious about the evolution of the human brain what changed that makes us so different from preceding Neanderthals and Denisovans, our closest evolutionary relatives, now extinct? ....

San Diego , United States , City Of , United Kingdom , University Of California San Diego , National University Of Singapore , Singapore General , Alexandreh Kihara , Stephenep Smith , Assaela Madrigal , Emilyc Wheeler , Kallen Wang , Christopher Vollmers , Beth Shapiro , Clebera Trujillo , Jonathand Lautz , Ryan Szeto , Isaaca Chaim , Mariana Sa Ferraz , Sebastian Preissl , Nathank Schaefer , Justin Buchanan , Ashley Byrne , Priscillad Negraes , Katerina Semendeferi , Alyssonr Muotri ,

Insights into the role of DNA repair and Huntington's disease gene mutation open new avenues for drug discovery

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IMAGE: Timeline of some of the key events establishing anticipation as a genuine biological phenomenon and somatic expansion as contributing toward Huntington s disease pathology.
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Credit: : Darren G. Monckton in The Contribution of Somatic Expansion of the CAG Repeat to Symptomatic Development in Huntington s Disease: A Historical Perspective, Journal of Huntington s Disease 10:1 (February 2021)..
Amsterdam, February 11, 2021 - Recent genetic data from patients with Huntington s disease (HD) show that DNA repair is an important factor that determines how early or late the disease occurs in individuals who carry the expanded CAG repeat in the
HTT gene that causes HD. The processes of DNA repair further expand the CAG repeats in ....

United States , United Kingdom , Noord Holland , Carolinel Benn , Lesley Jones , Lesliem Thompson , Peter Harper , Vanessa Wheeler , Blairr Leavitt , Christophere Pearson , University Of Toronto , University Of British Columbia , Phd Cardiff University , Harvard Medical School , Phd University Of California Irvine , Guest Editors Lesley Jones , Cardiff University , Massachusetts General Hospital , Sick Children , Disease Pathogenesis , Two Sequential , Harvard Medical , Repair Pathways , Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion , Editors In Chief Blair , British Columbia ,

Function identified of 'mystery protein' that kills brain cells of people with Parkinson's

Scientists have made a vital step towards understanding the origins of Parkinson s Disease - the fastest growing neurological condition in the world.

A study published in ....

City Of , United Kingdom , Ozzy Osbourne , Michaelj Fox , Giuliana Fusco , Billy Connolly , Neil Diamond , University Of Cambridge , Nature Communications , Imperial College London , Research Fellow At St John College , Research Fellow , Alfonso De Simone , Cell Biology , Chemistry Physics Materials Sciences , Alzheimers Disease , Parkinsons Disease , நகரம் ஆஃப் , ஒன்றுபட்டது கிஂக்டம் , ஓஸீ ஆஸ்போர்ன் , கியுலியானா ஃபூஸ்கொ , பில்லி இணை , நீல் வைரம் , பல்கலைக்கழகம் ஆஃப் கேம்பிரிட்ஜ் , இயற்கை தகவல்தொடர்புகள் , ஏகாதிபத்தியம் கல்லூரி லண்டன் ,

New molecular tool can be used to study single synapses of neurons

Neurons are the primary cells of the nervous system, and the signals that are transmitted between them are responsible for all our actions and our cognitive ability. ....

Emily Henderson , Hideji Murakoshi , Nature Communications , National Institute Of Physiological Sciences , National Institute , Physiological Sciences , Nervous System , Opto Genetics , எமிலி ஹென்டர்சன் , இயற்கை தகவல்தொடர்புகள் , தேசிய நிறுவனம் ஆஃப் உடலியல் அறிவியல் , தேசிய நிறுவனம் , உடலியல் அறிவியல் , பதட்டமாக அமைப்பு ,